@article {pmid42979416,
year = {2026},
author = {Gómez-Campos, JE and Lara-Resendiz, RA and Bautista, A and Domínguez-Godoy, MA and Díaz de la Vega-Pérez, AH},
title = {Assessing climate change vulnerability in a broadly ranging lizard: eco-physiological and thermal niche approaches.},
journal = {Conservation physiology},
volume = {14},
number = {1},
pages = {coag084},
pmid = {42979416},
issn = {2051-1434},
abstract = {One of the principal causes of biodiversity loss and the sixth mass extinction is global climate change. Lizards, from tropical lowlands to cold high-mountain sites, are vulnerable to extinction due to their temperature dependence and the increasing environmental temperature. We modelled the projected local extirpation risk of the Mesquite lizard Sceloporus grammicus Wiegmann, 1828, the most widespread lizard species in Mexico. We integrated operative and microclimatic temperatures, eco-physiological traits (locomotor performance, and voluntary thermal range), distribution records and climate projections up to 2050 and 2070 under two climate change scenarios (Representative Concentration Pathways: RCP 4.5 and 8.5). Our eco-physiological model predicted a high risk of the projected local extirpation and thermally suitable area loss in both RCP scenarios and for both projections. We found a probability of projected local extirpation risk ranging from 25.1% to 39.4% and a probability of thermally suitable area loss ranging from 31% to 61% between the RCP 4.5 scenario in 2050 and RCP 8.5 scenario in 2070. Among the 90 terrestrial Protected Areas (PAs) evaluated, S. grammicus has historical occurrence in only 29 PAs for the current scenario (thermally suitable area of 51 250 km[2]) and only 23 PAs under RCP 8.5 for 2070 (29 505 km[2]) representing a reduction in thermally suitable area of more than 40% with only 23 historical occurrences within the Mexican PAs. Our results align with prior studies on this species and Sceloporus, showing that S. grammicus, despite a broad latitudinal and altitudinal distribution, is highly susceptible to the negative impacts of climate change. Mechanistic models are a powerful tool for evaluating reptile vulnerability, emphasizing physiological data as key to improving climate-response projections. These findings are directly applicable to conservation proposals.},
}

@article {pmid42981282,
year = {2026},
author = {Broomandi, P and Bagheri, M and Middleton, N and Mozhdehi Fard, A and Fathian, A and Ledari, DG and Yapiyev, V and Radelyuk, I and Leuchner, M and Kim, JR},
title = {Climate change-driven compound dust storm and heatwave extremes in Central Asia under future CMIP6 scenarios.},
journal = {PloS one},
volume = {21},
number = {11},
pages = {e0359347},
pmid = {42981282},
issn = {1932-6203},
mesh = {*Dust/analysis ; *Climate Change ; Aerosols/analysis ; Asia, Central ; Climate Models ; },
abstract = {Central Asia (CA) faces rising temperatures and shifting atmospheric conditions, increasing the urgency to address extreme events like heatwaves and dust storms. This study examines the co-evolution and regional co-variability of heatwaves and atmospheric dust loading, represented by dust extinction aerosol optical thickness (AOT). Using a multi-model ensemble of CMIP6 General Circulation Models (GCMs) and high-resolution reanalysis datasets, we analyzed heatwave indices alongside AOT across six clusters from 1992 to 2100. Results show a substantial rise in heatwave activity, with increases in heatwave frequency and intensity projected across much of CA, particularly under future emission scenarios. AOT trends vary regionally, with both increasing and decreasing trends across clusters, periods, and emission scenarios. Spatial and temporal correlations, evaluated with Benjamini-Hochberg False Discovery Rate (BH-FDR) correction for multiple location-level tests, show regionally heterogeneous dust-heatwave co-variability, with both positive and negative associations across clusters and scenarios. The strongest FDR-supported relationships occur in selected cluster-index combinations, indicating localized and scenario-dependent co-variability rather than a uniform compound dust-heatwave signal across CA. These findings highlight the need for targeted adaptation strategies for CA, which faces intensifying heatwaves and spatially variable dust-related atmospheric conditions. This study supports early warning systems, risk assessments, and mitigation and resilience measures to safeguard vulnerable communities and ecosystems and strengthen resilience to these hazards in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030.},
}

*Dust/analysis
*Climate Change
Aerosols/analysis
Asia, Central
Climate Models

@article {pmid42982494,
year = {2026},
author = {Drummond, D and Renz, HE and Beri, C and Rosa, MJ and Hart, JE and Murphy, MP and McElvaney, NG},
title = {Climate change as a modifier of paediatric lung-function trajectories.},
journal = {European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society},
volume = {35},
number = {182},
pages = {},
pmid = {42982494},
issn = {1600-0617},
mesh = {Humans ; *Lung/physiopathology/growth & development ; Child ; Age Factors ; *Climate Change ; Child, Preschool ; Risk Factors ; Adolescent ; *Lung Diseases/physiopathology/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology ; *Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Air Pollution/adverse effects ; Developmental Origins of Health and Disease ; Animals ; Male ; Time Factors ; },
abstract = {Lung function follows a life-course trajectory, rising through childhood and adolescence to a peak in early adulthood; a low peak is associated with later COPD, cardiovascular morbidity and premature mortality. Childhood and adolescence are therefore the key periods during which adult respiratory reserve is built. Climate change is relevant to paediatric respiratory health not only because it triggers acute symptoms, but because it intensifies, prolongs and reschedules exposures already known to affect the developing lung, including heat, air pollution, wildfire smoke, aeroallergens and indoor damp. In this mini-review, we use lung-function trajectories as the organising framework and examine how climate-sensitive exposures may shift them downwards through three developmental pathways. First, early developmental disruption, including gestational air pollution and ambient temperature, may lower the starting point of the trajectory through fetal growth restriction, preterm birth and possibly direct effects on developing airways. Second, sustained exposure to air pollution, heat and indoor dampness across childhood and adolescence may impair postnatal lung growth and reduce lung-function growth and the peak attained. Third, climate-sensitive triggers increasingly precipitate exacerbations followed by incomplete recovery, particularly in asthma and cystic fibrosis, resulting in exacerbation-related step-down events. Crucially, these trajectories are not fixed; evidence that improving air quality accelerates lung-function growth shows that respiratory reserve can still be protected. We translate this trajectory-centred evidence into practical, climate-aware paediatric care, shifting the focus from short-term symptom prevention to preserving the lung-function reserve children carry into adulthood.},
}

Humans
*Lung/physiopathology/growth & development
Child
Age Factors
*Climate Change
Child, Preschool
Risk Factors
Adolescent
*Lung Diseases/physiopathology/epidemiology/diagnosis/etiology
*Environmental Exposure/adverse effects
Female
Infant, Newborn
Infant
Air Pollution/adverse effects
Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
Animals
Male
Time Factors

@article {pmid42976800,
year = {2025},
author = {Staccini, P and Lau, AYS},
title = {Integrating Digital Health, Citizen Engagement, and Behavioral Science for Climate Change Mitigation.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {194-199},
pmid = {42976800},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Digital Health ; Humans ; *Citizen Science ; },
abstract = {SUMMARY: OBJECTIVES: : Identify how recent interdisciplinary research integrates digital health, citizen engagement, and behavioral science to address climate-related health challenges and inform mitigation strategies.

SUMMARY: METHOD: : A bibliographic search was conducted in PubMed using a structured query targeting the intersection of climate change, digital health and citizen participation, published between January 2024 and December 2024. An initial screening was performed based on titles and abstracts to assess relevance to the themes of climate-related health strategies. From this search, 15 articles were selected as "best paper candidates" through full-text review and expert consensus, based on their methodological quality, originality, and contribution to the field. Among these articles, two papers were ultimately designated as "best papers" following a peer-review process coordinated within the Yearbook of Medical Informatics selection framework.

SUMMARY: RESULTS: : Among the 174 returned papers published in 2024 across the various areas of the Consumer Health Informatics section, the full review process selected two best papers and identified 13 additional articles as strong candidates contributing to the intersection of climate change and health. The thematic synthesis of these 15 articles revealed eight core themes, organized under three strategic pillars: digital health, citizen engagement, and behavioral science. Within the digital health pillar, studies explored the role of mobile technologies, wearable sensors, and digital platforms in monitoring environmental exposures and informing adaptive health behaviors, while also examining the environmental footprint of digital infrastructures themselves. Articles grouped under citizen engagement emphasized the rise of participatory research models, such as citizen science and community-based environmental monitoring, alongside the urgent need to reform environmental health education among future health professionals. Contributions to the behavioral science pillar included large-scale experimental studies evaluating the effectiveness of nudges and framing strategies on climate-relevant beliefs and behaviors, as well as investigations into the mental health impacts of climate-related stressors and the protective role of social support and nature connectedness. Collectively, these findings reflect a dynamic and interdisciplinary research landscape, pointing to the growing integration of technological, civic, and psychological approaches in health-centered climate change mitigation strategies.

SUMMARY: CONCLUSIONS: : This review highlights how recent interdisciplinary research integrates digital health, citizen engagement, and behavioral science to address the health impacts of climate change. The selected studies demonstrate a growing convergence of technological innovation, participatory methods, and behavioral insights in climate-health strategies. While digital tools enhance exposure monitoring and risk communication, they also raise concerns about sustainability and equity. Citizen-driven initiatives and behavioral interventions emerge as essential but context-sensitive components of adaptive responses. Together, these findings support the need for integrated, inclusive, and evidence-based frameworks to guide health system transformation in the face of ecological crises.},
}

*Climate Change
*Digital Health
Humans
*Citizen Science

@article {pmid42976811,
year = {2025},
author = {Santos-Olmo, RMT and Revilla, AA and Dagliati, A and Pala, D and Bellazzi, R and Martin-Sanchez, F},
title = {Climate Change, Health and Informatics: a Narrative Review.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {303-312},
pmid = {42976811},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; Humans ; Digital Health ; Artificial Intelligence ; *Medical Informatics ; Digital Technology ; *Public Health ; },
abstract = {SUMMARY: OBJECTIVES: : Human health is influenced by genetic, socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors. Climate change represents one of the greatest threats to global public health in the 21st century, impacting both communicable and non-communicable diseases, and challenging the resilience of healthcare systems. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) applied to health play a dual role: while they contribute to climate change, they also offer essential tools to address it through public health and healthcare management strategies. To explore the intersections between climate change, human health, and informatics by analyzing how digital technologies-particularly AI and ICTs-can contribute to mitigating the health impacts of climate change, promoting sustainable behaviors, and strengthening the adaptive capacity of healthcare systems, while also addressing the sustainability challenges these technologies entail.

SUMMARY: METHODS: : A narrative review was conducted to explore how digital transformation interacts with climate change and its subsequent effects on human health. A comprehensive search of the Scopus and PubMed databases yielded 1,130 articles from 2015 to 2025. After screening for relevance, 24 key studies were selected, providing insights into distinct phases of research evolution in this field. Seven papers were then added manually as they were considered relevant.

SUMMARY: RESULTS: : Digital transformation (ICTs, AI) in health has driven sustainable innovations, exemplified by projects such as PULSE and BRAINTEASER, which leverage technology to prevent health risks, optimize interventions, and manage urban resources. The development of smart and eco-cities highlights the transformative potential of digital technologies to create sustainable urban environments, provided they are supported by policies promoting renewable energy, circular economies, and emissions reductions. However, digital transformation entails significant sustainability challenges, including energy consumption and emissions, water usage, electronic waste and resource depletion. The need to strike a balance between the potential of ICTs and AI to improve public health and their environmental impact is strongly emphasized throughout the article. Although well-established strategies exist to mitigate these effects-such as energy efficiency, circular economy models, the use of clean energy, remote work, and telemedicine-there is still a lack of standardized protocols and global policies to enable their effective implementation.

SUMMARY: CONCLUSION: : ICTs, and particularly AI, play an ambivalent role in the face of health and climate change: they can be part of the problem or part of the solution. To maximize their positive impact and reduce their ecological footprint, it is urgent to establish responsible policies, sustainable models of technological development, and standardized procedures to guide their application in the fields of health and the environment.},
}

*Climate Change
Humans
Digital Health
Artificial Intelligence
*Medical Informatics
Digital Technology
*Public Health

@article {pmid42976952,
year = {2026},
author = {Huang, Y and Wu, C and Huang, W and Liu, Y and Qi, M and Bai, J and Dong, Y and Gascoigne, SJL and Ciais, P and Peñuelas, J and Salguero-Gomez, R},
title = {Phenological divergence between flowering plants and flower-visiting Lepidoptera under climate change across Europe.},
journal = {Proceedings. Biological sciences},
volume = {293},
number = {2082},
pages = {},
pmid = {42976952},
issn = {1471-2954},
support = {2023YFB3906203//National Key R&D Program of China/ ; 42471369//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 42125101//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; 183611ZYLH20240009//Sino-UK Crop Pest and Disease Forecasting & Management Joint Laboratory/ ; NE/X013766/1//NERC Pushing the Frontiers/ ; },
mesh = {Animals ; *Climate Change ; Europe ; Flowers/growth & development/physiology ; *Lepidoptera/physiology ; *Magnoliopsida/physiology/growth & development ; Seasons ; *Pollination ; },
abstract = {Climate change is altering life-cycle timing and may disrupt coordinated interactions between flowering plants and flower-visiting insects. Using Global Biodiversity Information Facility observation records from Europe between 2000 and 2024, we compiled a continental-scale phenological dataset covering flowering periods of 707 angiosperm species and adult activity periods of 620 Lepidoptera species. We extracted the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles and activity-window width and used linear mixed-effects models to analyse spatio-temporal trends. The results showed that plant phenology advanced significantly, with the 10th and 50th percentiles shifting earlier by -0.597 and -0.507 d yr[-1], respectively, whereas the 90th percentile showed no significant change; flowering-window width increased by 0.361 d yr[-1]. By contrast, Lepidoptera phenology advanced evenly across the season, with the 10th, 50th and 90th percentiles shifting by -0.137, -0.153 and -0.155 d yr[-1], respectively, while activity-window width showed no significant change. Because flowering plants advanced faster than Lepidoptera in the early and middle season, plant-insect phenological overlap declined at 0.340 d yr[-1], indicating increasing mismatch across Europe. Further analyses identified temperature as the dominant driver of phenological advance in both groups, but flowering plants and Lepidoptera differed in their responses to other climatic factors. These results suggest that climate change is weakening phenological synchrony between flowering plants and flower-visiting Lepidoptera, with potential consequences for pollination and ecosystem functioning.},
}

Animals
*Climate Change
Europe
Flowers/growth & development/physiology
*Lepidoptera/physiology
*Magnoliopsida/physiology/growth & development
Seasons
*Pollination

@article {pmid42970891,
year = {2026},
author = {Kim, W and Kang, S and Woo, S and Choi, S},
title = {Structural vulnerability regimes of water supply systems under climate change: A robustness-based analysis using multi-dimensional sustainability indicators.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {419},
number = {},
pages = {131277},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.131277},
pmid = {42970891},
issn = {1095-8630},
abstract = {Climate change is expected to intensify hydrological variability and extreme events, increasing the vulnerability of basin-scale multi-sector water supply systems. Conventional assessments commonly summarize vulnerability using failure probability, providing limited insight into how failure-prone conditions are organized across system states. This study develops a multi-dimensional sustainability framework to characterize structural vulnerability regimes in the Seomjin River Basin, Korea. Natural runoff and water allocation are simulated using a coupled Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and Korea-Water Evaluation and Planning system (K-WEAP) framework to evaluate domestic, industrial, agricultural, and instream flow sectors under future climate scenarios. A Classification and Regression Tree model combined with bootstrap resampling estimates conditional failure probability across a two-dimensional space defined by variability-based and risk-based sustainability metrics. The resulting fields reveal sector-specific vulnerability structures, including a compound-stress regime for domestic supply, a threshold-driven regime for agriculture, and a broadly distributed vulnerability basin for instream flow. Density weighting indicates that expected failure exposure (EFE) is highest for instream flow and agriculture (0.52 and 0.49, respectively) and substantially lower for domestic supply (0.07). Exceedance area curves further show that vulnerable regions can persist across broad probability ranges before contracting at higher thresholds. These results demonstrate that water-system vulnerability depends on the organization, exposure, and persistence of failure-prone states, rather than on failure probability alone.},
}

@article {pmid42970984,
year = {2026},
author = {J, MS and Julia, N and Lisa, K and Downey, H and Lauren, R and Jacqui, T and Eleanor, C},
title = {How climate change already impacts people who use alcohol and other drugs: Australian service staff perspectives.},
journal = {The International journal on drug policy},
volume = {158},
number = {},
pages = {105580},
doi = {10.1016/j.drugpo.2026.105580},
pmid = {42970984},
issn = {1873-4758},
abstract = {Increased prevalence and intensity of extreme weather events, as well as more gradual climatic shifts, have disproportionate impacts for people who experience poverty and stigmatisation. This includes many who engage with alcohol and other drug (AoD) services. The aim of this paper is to identify a broad range of already-occurring climate change impacts on Australian AoD service users, as observed by service staff. This is an interpretive qualitative study. Climate change impacts are conceptualised as 'contextual vulnerabilities' emerging through interacting socioeconomic, institutional and local climatic circumstances. We conducted online individual and focus group semi-structured interviews with 30 staff from AoD agencies across all Australian states and territories. Participants worked in metropolitan, regional and remote settings, and held a range of roles. Our analysis generated three themes: that climate change: 1) compounds material and 2) affective harms for people who use AoD services, and 3) erodes their capacity to limit substance use and manage associated risks, for example by accessing harm reduction resources.Extreme weather events and longer-term shifts occurring as the climate warms, appear in many interviewee accounts to be associated with increased AoD use. Problems and harms reported for people who use AoD services vary according to interacting vulnerabilities: substance consumption patterns, age and ongoing impacts of colonisation and dispossession experienced by First Nations communities. These are compounded by institutional settings governing service and housing availability including stigmatisation, and by local climatic risks to which people are exposed. Together, these place people at risk of worsened socioeconomic disadvantage, intensified negative affect or reduced capacity to protect their health and wellbeing. Equitable service responses can moderate this. By documenting diverse impacts of climate change in Australia for people who use AoD services, as identified by staff, we demonstrate the need for further research here and in other countries. Planning and resourcing must be designed to address specific contextual vulnerabilities that operate within local communities. Without coordinated, equity-focused policy action, climate change is likely to intensify existing material, affective and adaptation capacity inequalities for people who use AoD services, increasing both preventable harm and demand on already stretched agencies.},
}

@article {pmid42971562,
year = {2026},
author = {Cecchi, L and D'Amato, G and Annesi-Maesano, I},
title = {COP31: Climate Change, Environmental Hazards and the Adaptation-Mitigation Dilemma.},
journal = {Allergy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/all.70556},
pmid = {42971562},
issn = {1398-9995},
}

@article {pmid42972974,
year = {2026},
author = {Wang, H and Fridman, D and Lu, X and Wen, Y and Jiang, M and Zhang, G and Zou, Y and Qi, P},
title = {Intensification and Spatial Reorganization of Drought Risks for Global Rainfed Crops Under Climate Change.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {32},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/gcb.71164},
pmid = {42972974},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {2024YFD1501700//National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; 42371037//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; U25A20761//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; YDZJ202401485ZYTS//Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province/ ; },
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Droughts ; *Crops, Agricultural/growth & development ; Rain ; Glycine max/growth & development/physiology ; *Agriculture/methods ; Zea mays/growth & development ; Carbon Dioxide ; Models, Theoretical ; Triticum/growth & development ; },
abstract = {Rainfed agriculture covers roughly 80% of global cropland and supplies more than half of global food production, yet uncertainty in how meteorological drying propagates into root-zone water deficits and crop losses impedes robust risk assessment. Here, we establish an integrated, production-weighted assessment framework coupling SPEI, SSI, and 12 GGCMI3 crop models to trace how meteorological drying propagates into root-zone deficits and crop losses, explicitly separating affected area, conditional yield loss, and accumulated production loss across rainfed maize, soybean, and wheat. By 2070-2099, opposing-direction SPEI-SSI change classes occupied 6.8%-28.4% of rainfed area across crops under SSP1-2.6/default CO2 and 26.6%-48.2% under SSP5-8.5/default CO2. Comparison with fixed-2015 CO2 experiments (7.5%-27.6% and 21.7%-34.9%, respectively) indicates that elevated CO2 substantially expanded the spatial footprint of this hydrometeorological decoupling. Historically, SSI-defined drought affected 12-16 million ha year[-1] and was associated with annual production losses of 5-12 Mt year[-1] (1.6-2.0% year[-1]). Under default CO2, affected area increased to 14-21 million ha under SSP1-2.6 and 19-27 million ha under SSP5-8.5, with production losses of 6-12 and 9-12 Mt year[-1], respectively. Under SSP5-8.5, median loss rates were higher under fixed-2015 than default CO2 for maize (3.33 vs. 1.96% year[-1]), soybean (4.22 vs. 2.84% year[-1]) and wheat (5.41 vs. 2.90% year[-1]), as elevated CO2 reduces stomatal water loss and thus mitigates drought impacts, whereas SSP1-2.6 estimates were similar. Severe drought became the largest loss contributor under both pathways and CO2 settings. Under default CO2, loss increases clustered in Central America, northeastern Brazil, western Europe and southern Africa; fixed-2015 CO2 broadened the area of robust grid-cell loss increases. These results show that drought-related production losses are spatially uneven and sensitive to the modeled CO2 response, highlighting the value of crop- and region-specific risk assessment.},
}

*Climate Change
*Droughts
*Crops, Agricultural/growth & development
Rain
Glycine max/growth & development/physiology
*Agriculture/methods
Zea mays/growth & development
Carbon Dioxide
Models, Theoretical
Triticum/growth & development

@article {pmid42974185,
year = {2026},
author = {Shadbash, P},
title = {Sand Fly-Borne Leishmaniasis in the Era of Climate Change: The Need for One Health Surveillance and Resistance Monitoring in Iran.},
journal = {Iranian journal of parasitology},
volume = {21},
number = {3},
pages = {434-435},
pmid = {42974185},
issn = {1735-7020},
}

@article {pmid42975245,
year = {2026},
author = {Ainslie, B and McLennan, D and Young, K and Audette, C and Patton, C},
title = {The scientific development of Environment and Climate Change Canada's new ventilation index.},
journal = {Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {1-21},
doi = {10.1080/10962247.2026.2740009},
pmid = {42975245},
issn = {2162-2906},
abstract = {Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) has updated its ventilation forecast guidance through the development of a new ventilation index. This index was created using output from a Lagrangian stochastic model (LSM), with ventilation defined as inversely proportional to modeled ground-level concentrations from a surface-layer point source. The index is calibrated to the LSM output via parameterizations involving 10-m wind speeds, friction velocity, and Richardson number (Ri). The resulting Calibrated Ventilation Index (CVI) ranges from 0 (worst) to 100 (best), where a ±33-unit change corresponds to a doubling or halving of ventilation. Testing and development spanned a wide range of atmospheric stabilities, wind speeds, and land-use classes, guided by LSMs utilizing diverse parameterizations of surface layer turbulence, idealized and NWP-based meteorological fields, as well as output from a Gaussian plume model. The CVI shows a strong dependence on Ri within the -0.10.25) conditions. A qualitative evaluation in the Province of Quebec during one winter (December 2020 through March 2021) compared hindcast CVI values on evenings with and without ECCC air quality advisories. The CVI successfully resolved subtle ventilation differences under highly stable conditions (coefficient of variation of CV=1.51), whereas ECCC's legacy index lacked sensitivity-compressing its hindcasts against its lower bound (CV=0.56). The CVI is intended for local surface-layer dispersion guidance, not elevated stacks or open burning with high vertical momentum. ECCC uses the CVI to produce 48-hour forecasts across Canada four times daily at 2.5-km spatial and hourly temporal resolution.Implications: Environment and Climate Change Canada has developed a new Calibrated Ventilation Index (CVI) with the goal of protecting public health through improved guidance around the impacts of open air biomass burning activities. Index development was based on Lagrangian stochastic modeling and offers a scientifically robust and calibrated tool for forecasting surface-level atmospheric ventilation. Its implementation will enable more reliable guidance for open-air burning and other near-surface activities involving atmospheric dispersion. ECCC's CVI forecasts are now operational with guidance provided at high spatial and temporal resolution across much of Canada.},
}

@article {pmid42975610,
year = {2026},
author = {Hamidianpour, M and Shoja, F and Jahanshahi, SMA and Pahang, Z},
title = {Seasonal vulnerability and contraction of the optimal tourism climatic window in the southern coasts of Iran: Projected impacts of climate change.},
journal = {International journal of biometeorology},
volume = {70},
number = {11},
pages = {},
pmid = {42975610},
issn = {1432-1254},
mesh = {Iran ; *Climate Change ; Seasons ; *Tourism ; *Climate Models ; },
abstract = {Climate change has profoundly altered the spatio-temporal dynamics of the tourism industry, particularly in ecologically vulnerable coastal regions. This study evaluates the bio-climatic vulnerability of Iran's southern coasts by projecting mid-term (2041-2060) tourism climate conditions. A multi-model ensemble of 10 CMIP6 General Circulation Models (GCMs) under the SSP2-4.5 scenario, downscaled via Distribution Mapping (DM), was utilized. Results reveal widespread warming, with projected mean increases in maximum and minimum temperatures of 1.55°C and 1.47°C, respectively. Alongside a slight annual precipitation increase, key winter months exhibit significant reductions (December: 20.36%; February: 19.16%). Crucially, Tourism Climate Index (TCI) analyses demonstrate a substantial temporal redistribution in the tourism calendar. Shoulder seasons face severe degradation; May and October shift from 'Acceptable' to 'Marginal' (TCI: 40-49.9) across most stations, while March entirely loses its 'Ideal' status (TCI > 90). Consequently, peak demand is compressed into a narrow winter window (December-January). Spatially, Persian Gulf islands (e.g., Kish, Siri) upgrade to 'Ideal' conditions during this period, whereas Oman Sea coasts lose their optimal status in February. This temporal contraction of the tourism season and spatial heterogeneity necessitate urgent adaptive strategies, such as developing a night-time economy and resilient spatial planning, to safeguard regional economic sustainability.},
}

Iran
*Climate Change
Seasons
*Tourism
*Climate Models

@article {pmid42975858,
year = {2026},
author = {Valencia Manrique, JC and Young, A and Carson, E and Harley, J},
title = {When history repeats: leptospirosis as a marker of climate change and urban health inequity.},
journal = {Infection},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42975858},
issn = {1439-0973},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic spirochetal infection classically associated with tropical or travel-related exposure, but it is increasingly recognized in urban settings, particularly among people experiencing homelessness.

CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a 42-year-old man with alcohol use disorder and unstable housing who presented with fever, bilateral leg pain, and diarrhea, with laboratory findings showing thrombocytopenia, azotemia, hyperbilirubinemia, transaminitis, and elevated creatine phosphokinase. He left against medical advice, then returned the next day with worsening jaundice, dark urine, and emesis. Polymerase chain reaction testing confirmed Leptospira infection, and he improved with targeted antimicrobial and supportive therapy.

CONCLUSION: This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of leptospirosis, whose nonspecific early presentation can resemble sepsis or drug-induced liver injury, and underscores its rising incidence in temperate urban centers such as New York City (NYC), where housing instability, rodent exposure, and limited healthcare access disproportionately affect vulnerable populations. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for leptospirosis in patients with compatible symptoms and relevant social history, as early recognition is critical to reducing morbidity and mortality.},
}

@article {pmid42976779,
year = {2025},
author = {Hollis, KF and Mougin, F and Soualmia, LF},
title = {Digital Health and Climate Change: Critical Informatics for Change.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {3-6},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816587},
pmid = {42976779},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Digital Health ; *Medical Informatics ; Humans ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: To introduce the 2025 International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Yearbook of Medical Informatics. The editors of the Yearbook present the contents of 13 sections, and IMIA working group papers and the keynote paper.

METHODS: The editorial presents the 2025 IMIA Yearbook whose special theme is "Digital Health and Climate Change". The section editors introduce the special topic, the survey papers and section best paper overviews. Changes in the Yearbook editorial board are also described.

RESULTS: The IMIA Yearbook 2025 provides different perspectives on current issues on "Digital Health and Climate Change". Many sections present original work on this year's theme, and all sections describe notable contributions from 2024 in the various medical informatics specialties covered by the Yearbook.

CONCLUSIONS: "Digital Health and Climate Change" is a major issue: while digital technologies have environmental costs, they also can drive environmentally sustainable innovation, and while digital tools can reduce the environmental footprint of the healthcare sector, particularly by reducing CO2 emissions through telemedicine, their technological development also has a negative impact on the planetary health.},
}

*Climate Change
*Digital Health
*Medical Informatics
Humans

@article {pmid42976782,
year = {2025},
author = {Nehama, D and Hanan, G and Tachnai, N and Grosjean, J and Darmoni, SJ and Tamburis, O and Benis, A},
title = {Digital Health Innovation and Climate Change: Designing Resilient Ecosystems with Digital Indicators.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {28-39},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816590},
pmid = {42976782},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Digital Health ; Humans ; *Ecosystem ; Animals ; Environmental Health ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: This work aims to highlight the need to integrate One Digital Health (ODH) as a proactive response to the pressing health challenges of climate change. It emphasizes how digital indicators within the ODH framework can empower healthcare systems and ecosystem management decision-makers to become more resilient and adaptable while honoring the profound interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health from a digital technology viewpoint.

METHODS: A comprehensive literature review through digital technology demonstrated the deep interconnectedness of climate change's impact on human, animal, and environmental health. We also showcased case studies where ODH principles and digital indicators have been successfully implemented to forge a path toward climate resilience and empower data-driven decision-making.

RESULTS: ODH is an essential framework for enhancing disease surveillance, monitoring the environment, and improving healthcare delivery through digital technologies. Case studies demonstrate how ODH can lead to better health outcomes, support ecosystem conservation, and facilitate more effective responses to climate-related challenges. Additionally, this research identifies digital indicators reflecting human, animal, and ecological health outcomes potentially related to climate change impacts. These ODH-driven indicators can have the potential to significantly enhance the responsiveness of global health systems and enable proactive interventions against health threats caused by climate change.

CONCLUSION: Applying the ODH framework harnesses digital innovations to effectively address the complex health challenges intensified by climate change, thereby strengthening health and ecological systems and ensuring sustainable outcomes. Future research must focus on the global scaling of ODH interventions to enhance resilience across diverse healthcare settings. Furthermore, incorporating and standardizing digital indicators within the ODH framework will significantly strengthen health systems' adaptability and proactively mitigate the health impacts of climate change.},
}

*Climate Change
*Digital Health
Humans
*Ecosystem
Animals
Environmental Health

@article {pmid42976785,
year = {2025},
author = {von Gerich, H and Block, LJ and You, SB and Davies, S and Lozada-Perezmitre, E and Woo, BFY and Ozbay, I and Alnomasy, N and Chae, S and Lee, J and Lukitasari, M and Helenius, M and Vyas, P and Peltonen, LM and Lokmic-Tomkins, Z},
title = {The Intersection of Digital Health, Climate Change, and Nursing Informatics.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {62-68},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816595},
pmid = {42976785},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Digital Health ; *Climate Change ; *Nursing Informatics ; Humans ; Global Health ; },
abstract = {Climate change is a threat to global health. While no one is immune to these effects, their burden falls heaviest on the most vulnerable populations. Nurses are positioned as front-line respondents to these health challenges. Nursing informaticians support the efforts to adapt and mitigate climate change-related health impacts through developing and implementing digital health technologies. This position paper by the International Medical Informatics Association - Student and Emerging Professionals (IMIA-SEP) working group focuses on the importance of nursing informatics and digital health in building more sustainable and resilient strategies to address these global health threats. We present examples of digital health as a tool for climate resilience and discuss the key challenges and considerations. Finally, we present policy recommendations and outline future research areas to support a more sustainable digital future.},
}

*Digital Health
*Climate Change
*Nursing Informatics
Humans
Global Health

@article {pmid42976786,
year = {2025},
author = {Prgomet, M and Magrabi, F and Ammenwerth, E and Rigby, M and Cresswell, K and Medlock, S and Andrikopoulou, E and Georgiou, A},
title = {The Importance of Evaluating Digital Health in the Context of Addressing Climate Change.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {69-76},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816596},
pmid = {42976786},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Digital Health ; *Climate Change ; Humans ; *Technology Assessment, Biomedical ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVES: As climate change increasingly threatens societal wellbeing, including public health and healthcare systems, the environmental impact and role of digital health technologies as mitigating agents warrants critical exploration. This paper examines evaluation of the utility of digital health to address climate-related healthcare challenges and discusses the environmental sustainability of digital health.

METHOD: vA perspective paper based on a narrative review of literature alongside expert perspectives from the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Working Group on Technology Assessment and Quality Development in Health Informatics and the European Federation for Medical Informatics (EFMI) Working Group for Assessment of Health Information Systems.

RESULTS: Digital health technologies hold immense potential to identify climate-related health challenges through predictive analytics, reduce the environmental impact of the healthcare sector through virtual care delivery, and equip healthcare systems to better respond to and navigate disaster scenarios. However, the increasing use of technologies raises concerns about their environmental impact due to high energy consumption and e-waste generation. It is, therefore, essential that their development, implementation and optimization is evaluated with a focus on environmental sustainability.

CONCLUSION: To ensure the sustainable integration of digital health technologies, a holistic evaluation approach is necessary. Informaticians, healthcare providers, technology developers, and policymakers must collaborate to establish standardized frameworks that incorporate sustainability metrics across the entire lifespan of digital health initiatives. By doing so, digital health can have a positive impact on healthcare challenges while minimizing its environmental footprint.},
}

*Digital Health
*Climate Change
Humans
*Technology Assessment, Biomedical

@article {pmid42976787,
year = {2025},
author = {Ramachandran, A and Gogia, S and Kulatunga, G and Kuziemsky, C and John, S and Moerenhout, T and Ito, M and Ranatunga, P and Iqbal, U and Arajuo, K and Kendall, H and Hunter, I and Iyengar, S and Basu, A},
title = {Telehealth for Addressing Climate Change: A Position Statement.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {77-85},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816597},
pmid = {42976787},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Telemedicine ; Humans ; COVID-19 ; Digital Health ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The health sector is a major contributor to climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. Telehealth, the delivery of healthcare services remotely through communication technologies is on the rise globally as evidenced during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here we express our opinion through a position statement of how telehealth can be effectively adopted for addressing climate change mitigation using a systems thinking approach.

METHODS: We conducted a narrative review of the literature and an online modified Delphi method among the International Medical Informatics Association (IMIA) Telehealth Working Group members to develop a set of themes for an evidenced based position statement on the adoption of telehealth for climate change.

RESULTS: Telehealth has demonstrated success in providing effective healthcare services through teleconsulting and remote monitoring. It has also shown to help reduce carbon dioxide equivalent gas emissions due to reduced travel since it required fewer in-person visits. At the same time, large energy consumption for complex devices and artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) based data processing applications, e-waste generation from device lifecycle, the potentially negative impact on the quality of care provided with resultant increase in health system encounters undermine the benefits of telehealth. Equity, privacy and security issues are other challenges that need to be considered.

CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to integrate telehealth as an integral component of climate change mitigation efforts through a systems thinking approach. The services should be resilient to climate change events, and support mitigation efforts through promotion, prevention, monitoring, management and governance activities. More research is needed to substantiate and investigate this model of healthcare.},
}

*Climate Change
*Telemedicine
Humans
COVID-19
Digital Health

@article {pmid42976788,
year = {2025},
author = {Peute, LW and Marcilly, R},
title = {Digital Health and Climate Change.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {86-90},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816598},
pmid = {42976788},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Digital Health ; Humans ; *Telemedicine ; },
abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To give an overview of recent research and propose a selection of best papers published in 2024 on digital health and climate change.

METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed and Web of Science was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles published between December 2023 and December 2024 on the theme "Digital Health and Climate Change". Titles and abstracts were screened independently by the two editors to identify candidate papers for the best paper selection process. This process included: (1) a detailed review of the shortlisted papers by the two editors, six experts from internationally recognized research groups, and the Yearbook editorial committee; and (2) the final selection of the best paper during an in-person consensus meeting of all Yearbook editors.

RESULTS: The selected papers showcase advances in using digital health to support climate goals, with most focusing on telemedicine's role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Selected studies largely fall into two categories: (1) the design of digital technologies aimed at climate resilience, and (2) the environmental effects of digitally supported care models, especially telemedicine.

CONCLUSION: Telemedicine emerges as a key enabler of sustainable healthcare in 2024, while broader and more holistic evaluations remain essential for future progress.},
}

*Climate Change
*Digital Health
Humans
*Telemedicine

@article {pmid42976795,
year = {2025},
author = {Schabetsberger, T and Mangesius, P and Hörbst, A},
title = {eHealth and Telemedicine Applications in Climate Change Mitigation: A Comprehensive Analysis for the Health Information Exchange, Care Collaboration, and Patient Engagement domains.},
journal = {Yearbook of medical informatics},
volume = {34},
number = {1},
pages = {145-156},
doi = {10.1055/s-0046-1816610},
pmid = {42976795},
issn = {2364-0502},
mesh = {Digital Health ; Humans ; *Climate Change ; *Telemedicine ; *Health Information Exchange ; Carbon Dioxide ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Healthcare systems account for approximately 4.4 to 4.6% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This represents a critical contradiction, as the very sector dedicated to protecting human health is contributing to environmental degradation, which in turn threatens health. Digital health technologies have the potential to provide a solution, as they enable ways to maintain optimal healthcare while protecting the environment.

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to investigate how digital health technologies contribute to environmental sustainability through three primary mechanisms: Health Information Exchange systems, Care Collaboration, and Patient Engagement. This analysis evaluates empirical evidence for CO2 emissions reduction and considers the European Health Data Space initiative, as well as applications and experiences from different geographic regions.

METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive literature review focusing on peer-reviewed studies from 2012 to 2025 that quantified the environmental impacts of implementing digital health. The selection criteria prioritized studies with transparent methodological approaches and measurable environmental outcomes. Regional case studies were included to understand different implementation strategies and their environmental consequences.

RESULTS: The analysis of large-scale systematic reviews covering more than 68 million digital health consultations shows significant benefits for the environment. CO2 savings per virtual consultation range from 0.70 to 372 kg CO2 equivalent, with differences primarily attributable to geographical factors, transport structures, and healthcare models. Avoiding unnecessary duplicate tests and reducing waste for paper and medications also make significant contributions. At the same time, the energy consumption of the technological infrastructure accounts for less than 1% of the emissions avoided through reduced travel.

CONCLUSIONS: Digital health technologies show considerable potential for reducing the environmental footprint of healthcare while maintaining or even improving clinical outcomes. To support this, it is necessary to establish standardized measurement tools, create policy frameworks, apply standardized interoperability approaches, and carefully consider equal treatment in implementation.},
}

Digital Health
Humans
*Climate Change
*Telemedicine
*Health Information Exchange
Carbon Dioxide

@article {pmid42966780,
year = {2026},
author = {Halpin, DM and Kaplan, A and Field, D and Plank, M and Winders, T and Woodcock, A},
title = {Principles for a patient-centred transition to low-global warming potential pressurised metered-dose inhalers.},
journal = {NPJ primary care respiratory medicine},
volume = {36},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42966780},
issn = {2055-1010},
abstract = {Pressurised metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) are a common device type used to deliver various inhaled medicines to the lungs of patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other respiratory diseases. Most pMDIs use hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) propellants, such as hydrofluoroalkane (HFA)-134a, which is a powerful greenhouse gas with a 100-year global warming potential (GWP) 1530 times more potent than CO2. Legislation in developed countries, particularly in Europe, will reduce the availability of high-GWP propellants, enforcing the phase-down of HFC-containing pMDIs within the next five years. Inhaler manufacturers are at various stages of research and development and regulatory approval to reformulate pMDIs with next-generation propellants (HFA-152a, hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)-1234ze[E]) with a much lower carbon footprint. If the transition is not carefully managed, there are risks to patient health. From the patient perspective, the transition must be seamless. Here we aim to provide a clear, consensus-based framework to deliver this transition. Following a policy roundtable which included stakeholders across the respiratory community, four key principles were outlined: (1) patient safety and seamless continuity of access; (2) securing supply through shared responsibility and collaboration across the respiratory community; (3) alignment of regulatory and policy interventions across jurisdictions; (4) building trust through credible, clinician-centred communication. These principles prioritise patient health, while recognising the need to balance environmental commitments as we transition from current to low-GWP inhalers. This framework serves as a call to action, and we encourage all respiratory stakeholders to use the principles as a foundation for external discussions with policymakers and regulators.},
}

@article {pmid42966995,
year = {2026},
author = {Kim, S and Choi, IG},
title = {PhenoFECT: A Python package for forecasting and exploring plant phenology under climate change.},
journal = {Applications in plant sciences},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e70088},
pmid = {42966995},
issn = {2168-0450},
abstract = {PREMISE: Climate change and global warming significantly affect the timing of plant flowering in spring. Accurately predicting these phenological events is crucial for understanding plant biology and agriculture. The chill-day model (CDM) based on seasonal temperature changes has been a reliable model for predicting phenological activities; however, recent global warming has challenged its accuracy due to extreme weather variability, necessitating the adjustment of the CDM parameters to reflect recent climate change. We developed an open-source Python package, PhenoFECT (Phenology Forecasting Exploring ClimaTe), that refines temperature-based phenology models. The package enables efficient phenological analysis for open and user-specified data.

METHODS AND RESULTS: The Python package embeds open meteorological data collected over 53 years (1973-2025) in Korea for cherry (Prunus yedoensis), golden-bell (Forsythia koreana), and azalea (Rhododendron mucronulatum). PhenoFECT was utilized to adjust the parameters of the CDM to reflect recent climate changes. The refined CDM improved the prediction accuracy of flowering at the average root mean square error (RMSE) of 5.74 days for three angiosperms.

CONCLUSIONS: PhenoFECT is a versatile tool for accurate forecasting, exploration, and visualization across diverse open meteorological data. Exploring data using PhenoFECT revealed that the CDM can be influenced by geographic features and global climate phenomena.},
}

@article {pmid42967656,
year = {2026},
author = {Gulen, H and Ellis, A and Dixson-Declève, S},
title = {COP31: The Climate Change Burden on Women and Children-From Vulnerability to Leadership and Action.},
journal = {Allergy},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/all.70557},
pmid = {42967656},
issn = {1398-9995},
}

@article {pmid42970889,
year = {2026},
author = {Li, Z and Zhou, Y and Zhang, Y and Yang, X and Li, T and Shao, M},
title = {Vegetation restoration and climate change shape the spatial distribution and biomass of terrestrial ants on the Loess Plateau.},
journal = {Journal of environmental management},
volume = {419},
number = {},
pages = {131287},
doi = {10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.131287},
pmid = {42970889},
issn = {1095-8630},
abstract = {As ecological engineers, terrestrial ants play a significant role in modifying soil structure, influencing the carbon cycle, affecting soil microorganisms and soil food webs. Accurately estimating ant biomass is crucial for assessing their ecological impacts. To investigate the spatial distribution and drivers of ant density, field sampling of ant communities, soil, and vegetation was conducted at 27 sites on the Loess Plateau from 2022 to 2024. The findings indicated that ants on the Loess Plateau exhibit pronounced zonal distribution characteristics. In addition to vegetation coverage, annual rainfall and air temperature emerged as the most significant factors influencing the ant density. Based on land-use types, climate, and soil parameters, two regression models were developed to estimate the ant density in farmland and forest-grassland ecosystems. The density of ants in forest-grassland areas was found to be 2.15 times greater than that in farmland. However, the differences among forest, shrub, and grassland habitats were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The total ant population across the Loess Plateau was estimated to be 2.41 × 10[13] individuals, corresponding to a biomass of 1.49 × 10[4] tons of dry carbon. Rainfall was identified as the primary factor in calculating ant biomass. The majority of ant density are concentrated in regions with annual rainfall exceeding 400 mm, comprising 93.1% of the total ant biomass on the Loess Plateau. Our spatial estimates indicated that ant biomass on the Loess Plateau is 76.7% higher than the estimated pre-restoration baseline, a trend strongly associated with extensive vegetation restoration efforts since the initiation of the Grain for Green Project in 1999. This study underscores the significance of global revegetation and climate change in forecasting ant distribution and overall biomass. Our findings offer a vital reference for comprehensively understanding the abundance and ecological significance of ants.},
}

@article {pmid42965155,
year = {2026},
author = {Butler, SJ and Digby, GC and Roy, C and Tse, SM and Sajwani, S and Hubick, J and McCoy, C and Lam, I and Singer, A and Kaplan, A and Leek, E and Walji, S and Stoynova, V and Penz, E and Gupta, S},
title = {Canadian healthcare professionals' attitudes towards climate change and the environmental impact of inhalers.},
journal = {The journal of climate change and health},
volume = {32},
number = {},
pages = {100761},
pmid = {42965155},
issn = {2667-2782},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Preferential prescribing of inhalers with low carbon footprints over metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) can reduce healthcare's climate impact. We aimed to assess healthcare professionals' (HCPs) attitudes towards climate change, its health impacts, and inhaler prescribing practices.

METHODS: We invited HCPs via professional societies and non-profit organizations to complete an online survey (November 2024-March 2025). Multivariable regression examined associations between sociodemographic characteristics and climate change risk perception index (CCRPI) scores, inhaler carbon footprint awareness, and prescribing behaviors.

RESULTS: In total, 430 HCPs responded (median age: 41 years (IQR: 34-50); 74% women; 94% completion rate). Climate change concern was high [median CCRPI score 34/40 (IQR: 30-37)]. Most respondents (85%) were aware of inhaler carbon footprint variability. Nurses and nurse practitioners were less likely than physicians to be aware of this variability (OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.11-0.75). Only 49% of prescribers preferentially prescribed low carbon devices to new inhaler users and just 17% routinely switched current MDI users. Higher CCRPI scores were associated with greater awareness of inhaler carbon footprint variability (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.04-1.72) and preferential prescribing of low carbon devices for new inhaler users (OR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.32-2.23) and current MDI users (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03-1.68). Carbon footprint ranked 8th (IQR: 7-10) among 12 attributes influencing device selection.

CONCLUSION: Despite significant concern for climate change and awareness of inhaler-related carbon emissions, preferential prescribing of low carbon inhalers is not part of routine practice. Targeted interventions are needed to support climate-conscious prescribing and reduce inhaler carbon emissions.},
}

@article {pmid42965518,
year = {2025},
author = {Arcos-Viscarra, PS and Castillo-Bejarano, JI and Santos, AHML and Vaquera-Aparicio, DN and Guerrero-Delgado, AS and Berumen-Millán, V and Larragoity-González, EA},
title = {Spatial distribution and climate change impact on rickettsiosis incidence in the Metropolitan Area of Nuevo León: a 10-year analysis.},
journal = {Gaceta medica de Mexico},
volume = {162},
number = {2},
pages = {191-198},
doi = {10.24875/GMM.25000138},
pmid = {42965518},
issn = {0016-3813},
mesh = {Mexico/epidemiology ; Incidence ; Humans ; *Climate Change ; Longitudinal Studies ; *Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology ; Temperature ; Rickettsia rickettsii/isolation & purification ; Spatial Analysis ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Rickettsiosis is a vector-borne disease in Mexico, with Rickettsia rickettsii as the primary pathogen in the north. Climate change drives vector expansion, yet its impact on rickettsiosis incidence remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the association between climate variables and rickettsiosis incidence in the Metropolitan Area of Nuevo León, Mexico, over 11 years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A longitudinal ecological study was conducted using data from 2013 to 2024. Pearson correlation analysis assessed climate-disease associations, followed by Poisson regression modeling. Spatial patterns were visualized utilizing a case density map and Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) analysis identified clusters.

RESULTS: 381 cases were analyzed. Minimum temperature showed a positive association with incidence (p = 0.003). Maximum temperature had a significant positive relationship (p < 0.001). Precipitation negatively affected incidence (p = 0.035). DBSCAN analysis revealed four main clusters in Monterrey's metropolitan area.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings link climatic variables to rickettsiosis incidence in Nuevo León, highlighting the relationship between temperature, precipitation, and disease. These results emphasize climate-informed public health strategies.

ANTECEDENTES: La rickettsiosis es una enfermedad transmitida por vectores en México, en la cual Rickettsia rikettsii representa el principal patógeno en el norte. El cambio climático impulsa la expansión del vector, pese a esto, su impacto en la rickettsiosis se mantiene incierto.

OBJETIVO: El estudio evalúa la relación entre variables climáticas y la incidencia de rickettsiosis en Nuevo León en 11 años.

MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio ecológico longitudinal utilizando datos del 2013 al 2024. Se utilizó el análisis de correlación de Pearson para evaluar la asociación entre el clima y la enfermedad, seguido de un análisis con el modelo de regresión de Poisson (adecuado para analizar conteos de casos). Se visualizaron patrones espaciales mediante un mapa de densidad y se identificaron clústeres mediante un análisis DBSCAN (Agrupación Espacial Basada en la Densidad de Aplicaciones con Ruido).

RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 381 casos. La temperatura mínima influyó positivamente en la incidencia (p = 0.003). La temperatura máxima tuvo una relación positiva significativa (p < 0.001). La precipitación afectó negativamente la incidencia (p = 0.035). El análisis DBSCAN identificó la presencia de clústeres.

CONCLUSIONES: Nuestros hallazgos vinculan directamente estas variables con la incidencia de rickettsiosis en Nuevo León, destacando la relación entre la temperatura, la precipitación y la enfermedad.},
}

Mexico/epidemiology
Incidence
Humans
*Climate Change
Longitudinal Studies
*Rickettsia Infections/epidemiology
Temperature
Rickettsia rickettsii/isolation & purification
Spatial Analysis

@article {pmid42966120,
year = {2026},
author = {Omar, AM and Adan, AM and Ali, MA and Omar, MM},
title = {Climate change and poultry health: preparing for emerging disease risks.},
journal = {Poultry science},
volume = {105},
number = {12},
pages = {108028},
doi = {10.1016/j.psj.2026.108028},
pmid = {42966120},
issn = {1525-3171},
}

@article {pmid42961195,
year = {2026},
author = {Campos, CP and Bitar, SD and Freitas, CEC},
title = {Uncertainties in the estimates of natural mortality due to climate change and their impact on yield per recruit models.},
journal = {Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias},
volume = {98},
number = {4},
pages = {e20250453},
doi = {10.1590/0001-3765202620250453},
pmid = {42961195},
issn = {1678-2690},
mesh = {Animals ; *Climate Change ; *Fishes/classification/growth & development ; *Fisheries ; Uncertainty ; Models, Theoretical ; Population Dynamics ; },
abstract = {Incorporating the uncertainties arising from climate change is essential for assessing fish stocks and, consequently, for the effective management of these stocks. This study addresses the uncertainties related to natural mortality (M) in fish caused by climate change, positing that these uncertainties are linked to the life strategies of the exploited species. To mathematically model these uncertainties, we employed fuzzy set theory to evaluate six commercially important fish species. Our results indicated a decrease in yield per recruit (Y/R) across all species, with a gradual decline observed between the current scenario and the most pessimistic scenario outlined in the 6th Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report. Furthermore, the model generated intervals for Y/R and their respective mortalities per fishery (F), which yielded biological reference points (BRPs) for fisheries management. Species that exhibit opportunistic life history traits displayed greater variability in the decline of Y/R. Given that these species are more vulnerable to risks associated with uncertainty, we recommend adopting more conservative scenarios when selecting BRPs for them. This study contributes to fisheries management by addressing the inherent uncertainties of the effects of climate change and refining inventory management based on the different life history characteristics of species.},
}

Animals
*Climate Change
*Fishes/classification/growth & development
*Fisheries
Uncertainty
Models, Theoretical
Population Dynamics

@article {pmid42962528,
year = {2026},
author = {Praveen, KS and Srikanth, NR and Shwetha, HS and Hyder, I and Pathan, NK and Sharma, C and Mahesh, MS and Rao, MM and Sejian, V},
title = {Climate change and declining reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle: Global trends and adaptive solutions.},
journal = {Reproductive biology},
volume = {27},
number = {1},
pages = {101295},
doi = {10.1016/j.repbio.2026.101295},
pmid = {42962528},
issn = {2300-732X},
abstract = {Climate change is progressively limiting reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle, which has significant consequences for productivity, profitability and global food security. Increasing ambient temperatures, increased temperature-humidity index (THI), recurrent heat waves and climatic variability interfere with reproduction via interconnected endocrine, metabolic and cellular pathways. Heat stress affects the activity of the HPA and HPG axes, leading to increased cortisol levels, altered gonadotropin secretion, disruption of follicular dynamics and compromised luteal progesterone support. At the cellular and molecular levels, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, heat shock protein responses and genomic-epigenetic alterations diminish oocyte competence, compromise sperm integrity and hinder early embryonic development, often resulting in embryonic loss and pregnancy failure. While Bos indicus and other climate-adapted genotypes show improved thermotolerance, there remains significant variability among individuals regarding reproductive resilience. This review combines global and regional evidence to clarify the mechanisms behind climate-induced reproductive decline and assesses adaptive strategies such as heat-abatement management, nutritional interventions, timed artificial insemination (TAI), assisted reproductive technologies, genetic selection for heat tolerance and precision monitoring. These insights collectively offer a framework for maintaining dairy reproductive performance considering future climate scenarios.},
}

@article {pmid42963051,
year = {2026},
author = {Wise, J},
title = {Climate change: Experts call on WHO to formally declare global health emergency.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {395},
number = {},
pages = {e101292},
doi = {10.1136/bmj-2026-101292},
pmid = {42963051},
issn = {1756-1833},
}

@article {pmid42963406,
year = {2026},
author = {Fornace, K and Hein, PS and Djaafara, B and Ashad-Uz-Zaman, MN and Chang, CC and Elyazar, I and Fernandez, CD and Hu, J and Isa, R and Kisomb, J and Lim, JS and Linn, NN and Low, A and Manrique, E and Maude, R and Rocha, ICN and Rotejanaprasert, C and So-Onguku, J and Supriyanto, D and Yengmala, V and Wan, MK and Wulandhari, SA and Howard, N and Braack, L and Mishra, S and Mukhtar, M},
title = {Climate change threatens malaria elimination in the Asia Pacific.},
journal = {Nature medicine},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42963406},
issn = {1546-170X},
support = {221963/Z/20/Z//Wellcome Trust (Wellcome)/ ; },
abstract = {Climate change threatens decades of progress toward malaria elimination across the Asia Pacific. In recent years, reported cases have increased sharply in several regions, including Pakistan following the 2022 floods. However, current research and adaptation strategies have largely focused on gradual warming and shifting transmission seasons and may not fully capture acute operational disruptions in endemic settings. Here we examine how climate change influences malaria through cascading disruptions to health systems, population displacement and ecological change. As a multidisciplinary group of policymakers and researchers, we identify priority actions: integrating malaria control into disaster response, deploying adaptive vector control for displaced populations, strengthening cross-border data sharing, linking early warnings to anticipatory action, and incorporating land-use data into surveillance. Leveraging existing advances in climate policy, digital surveillance and community engagement will be critical. Sustaining elimination will require complementing long-term projections with preparedness for near-term system shocks.},
}

@article {pmid42964656,
year = {2026},
author = {Mamoropo, MS and Adelaide, BM and Maria, MT},
title = {Erratum: Withdrawal notice to: 'Adapting to climate change: Strategies adopted by hypertensive patients-A qualitative study': [J Clim Change Health 23 (2025) 100462].},
journal = {The journal of climate change and health},
volume = {32},
number = {},
pages = {100660},
doi = {10.1016/j.joclim.2026.100660},
pmid = {42964656},
issn = {2667-2782},
abstract = {[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.joclim.2025.100462.].},
}

@article {pmid42964680,
year = {2026},
author = {Lee, D and Oh, IH and Ji, JS and Kanda, M and Kimura, H and Lee, S and Mothe, J and Park, J and Shinee, E and Kim, H},
title = {Age-stratified health impacts of climate change on older adults in the Western Pacific Region: a scoping review.},
journal = {The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific},
volume = {75},
number = {},
pages = {102004},
doi = {10.1016/j.lanwpc.2026.102004},
pmid = {42964680},
issn = {2666-6065},
abstract = {While research on the health impacts of climate change is growing, studies integrating these effects across finer age strata within older adult populations, such as distinguishing young-old from old-old adults remain scarce, particularly in the Western Pacific region. This scoping review synthesizes 119 cases extracted from 100 peer-reviewed studies published from 2016 to 2025, identified via systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Embase using keyword clusters for older adults, climate change, and the Western Pacific. Most cases (n = 61, 51%) examined heat, followed by extreme cold (n = 31, 26%), air pollution (n = 11, 9%), with geographic concentration in mainland China (n = 84, 71%); old-old adults generally showed greater vulnerability than young-old adults. These findings suggest heterogeneity in climate impacts among older adults, indicating that a one-size-fits-all approach may be insufficient and that finer age stratifications could help inform policies better tailored to old-old adults.},
}

@article {pmid42964967,
year = {2026},
author = {Yurtseven, CN and Kaya, A and Cavusoglu, SB and Ercan, Ö and Uslu, A and Kantar, AN},
title = {Climate change knowledge and associated factors among undergraduate sport sciences students: a single-center cross-sectional study at a Turkish university.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1964700},
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1964700},
pmid = {42964967},
issn = {2296-2565},
mesh = {Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Universities ; *Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology ; *Climate Change ; Female ; Turkey ; *Sports/education ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Male ; *Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Academia ; },
abstract = {Climate change is a major environmental and public health threat with consequences for human health, physical activity, and sport participation. Evidence concerning climate literacy among undergraduate sport sciences students remains limited. This study aimed to assess climate change knowledge and examine sociodemographic, academic, and information-source factors associated with knowledge levels among undergraduate sport sciences students. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among sport sciences undergraduates. Based on a sample-size calculation for estimation of a population proportion, a minimum of 234 participants was required. A recruitment target of 300 accounted for potential non-response. All eligible students in the faculty (N ≈ 600) were invited, and 320 students comprised the final analytic sample. The questionnaire included sociodemographic, academic, and information-source variables together with a 20-item climate change knowledge test. Internal consistency was assessed using the Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 coefficient. Participant characteristics and knowledge scores were summarized descriptively. Associations between categorical variables and knowledge level were examined using Pearson's chi-square tests. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with knowledge level, with the low-knowledge group as the reference category. Overall model significance and explanatory performance were assessed using the likelihood-ratio chi-square test and Nagelkerke's pseudo-R[2]. The mean climate change knowledge score was 12.6 ± 3.4. Overall, 38.4% of participants were classified as having low knowledge, 41.6% as moderate knowledge, and 20.0% as high knowledge. Prior environmental education was associated with higher odds of high versus low knowledge (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.28, 4.26], p = 0.006). Use of scientific or academic information sources (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI [1.07, 3.32], p = 0.029) and senior-year status (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI [1.01, 3.04], p = 0.045) were also associated with higher odds of high versus low knowledge. Climate change knowledge was predominantly moderate among participating students. The observed associations support further investigation of structured climate change education within sport sciences curricula. Because of the cross-sectional design, causal and temporal relationships cannot be established. Multicentre longitudinal studies and educational intervention trials are needed to confirm these associations and evaluate whether curriculum-based interventions improve climate literacy among sport sciences students.},
}

Humans
Cross-Sectional Studies
Universities
*Students/statistics & numerical data/psychology
*Climate Change
Female
Turkey
*Sports/education
Surveys and Questionnaires
Male
*Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Young Adult
Adult
Academia

@article {pmid42964979,
year = {2026},
author = {},
title = {Erratum to "Perceived Health Risk of Climate Change and Public Support for Sustainable Health Policies in South Korea".},
journal = {Health services insights},
volume = {19},
number = {},
pages = {11786329261497572},
doi = {10.1177/11786329261497572},
pmid = {42964979},
issn = {1178-6329},
abstract = {[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/11786329261477832.].},
}

@article {pmid42965123,
year = {2026},
author = {Bedin, DC and Silva-Junior, JS and de Araujo, EDMPA},
title = {The urgent need to adapt working conditions to global warming-driven heat waves to protect workers' health.},
journal = {Revista brasileira de medicina do trabalho : publicacao oficial da Associacao Nacional de Medicina do Trabalho-ANAMT},
volume = {24},
number = {},
pages = {e20261623},
doi = {10.47626/1679-4435-2026-1623},
pmid = {42965123},
issn = {1679-4435},
abstract = {Climate change poses one of the greatest public health challenges of the twenty-first century and directly affects the world of work. Rising global mean temperatures and increasingly intense heat waves are increasing workers' exposure to heat stress, with substantial consequences for physical and mental health and work capacity. This article discusses scientific evidence on the effects of heat waves on workers' health, including the underlying physiological mechanisms, clinical consequences, effects on productivity, and economic implications for businesses and supply chains. It also addresses public policies and technical standards governing occupational heat exposure, with particular emphasis on the Brazilian context. Global evidence documents record losses of working hours attributable to heat and mounting economic costs, demonstrating that adaptation to rising temperatures is both a worker health protection measure and a strategy for operational sustainability. Recognizing heat as a structural occupational hazard and incorporating heat-related risks into business management and public policy are therefore essential to protecting workers and ensuring economic resilience in an increasingly warmer climate.},
}

@article {pmid42953057,
year = {2026},
author = {Medina, A},
title = {Beyond the black swan: climate change and the evolving risk of multi-mycotoxin contamination.},
journal = {Frontiers in fungal biology},
volume = {7},
number = {},
pages = {1981215},
pmid = {42953057},
issn = {2673-6128},
abstract = {Major mycotoxin contamination events have traditionally been treated as "black swans," rare, high-impact episodes that are unpredictable in advance and explained only after they occur. This framing assumes long intervals between events and a single dominant toxin per episode, an assumption that reflects, in part, historical single-analyte monitoring rather than proof that other toxins were biologically absent. Climate change is a plausible driver of change in both assumptions. As interacting climate factors, temperature, water availability and atmospheric CO2, become more frequent and more extreme, episodes that used to be spaced by decades could increasingly occur several times within the same cropping season. This would not only be a change in frequency. The same interacting factors have been shown, in experimental systems, to modify, and in many cases widen, the range of conditions under which mycotoxigenic fungi grow and, at the same time, the range of conditions under which they produce toxin, so that windows that used to be separate can overlap for several species at once. The consequence, consistent with survey data across several crops, food products and continents, though improved multi-analyte detection likely also contributes to it, may not be simply more of one toxin but the regular co-occurrence of multiple mycotoxins in the same raw material. Current risk models, surveillance programs and legislation remain largely built around single-toxin, single-species assumptions calibrated on historical, regional data. This Perspective proposes an ecological framework linking climate change to an increased risk of multi-mycotoxin contamination, offered as a plausible hypothesis rather than an established transition, and outlines what this implies for monitoring, modeling and regulation.},
}

@article {pmid42953488,
year = {2026},
author = {Xu, Y and Xiong, Z and Zhang, Z and Chen, G},
title = {Evaluating the Potential of Four Native Ziziphus Species for Restoring Savanna-Like Habitats in Jinsha River Under Climate Change.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {16},
number = {11},
pages = {e74531},
pmid = {42953488},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {The Jinsha River, as the upper section of the Yangtze River, plays a key role as an ecological barrier, yet its dry-hot valleys face severe degradation due to harsh climate and human activities. Four native Ziziphus species (Z. mauritiana, Z. montana, Z. mairei, and Z. xiangchengensis) were selected to assess their potential for restoring "valley-type savanna" vegetation through field investigations, species distribution modeling, germination experiments, and interviews. Field investigations showed that Z. mairei and Z. xiangchengensis exhibit limited distributions and small populations, requiring artificial propagation and protection. MaxEnt models performed well (AUC > 0.9). Ziziphus montana occurs in northwestern Yunnan and is primarily limited by temperature seasonality (bio4), elevation, and coldest quarter temperature (bio11). Under future climate scenarios, its suitable habitat is projected to contract by 11.3%-20.4%, with the remaining highly suitable area retreating toward the Jinsha River basin. Bio11 is the primary factor influencing the distribution of Z. mauritiana, and its suitable range is projected to expand by 44.1%-119.1%. Seed heteromorphism was documented for the first time in Z. xiangchengensis, Z. montana, and Z. mairei, classified into Type A (2 carpels) and B (3 carpels) based on carpel number, with Type A seeds dominating (66.0%-94.8%). These two seed types showed significant differences in temperature response and dormancy characteristics. Four Ziziphus species displayed strong physical dormancy, removing the endocarp and cracking the seed coat results in a 100% germination rate, providing a practical solution for large-scale seedling propagation. Based on assessment, Z. montana is more suitable for ecological restoration in the Jinsha River Basin. The population age structure is of the expanding type and serves medicinal, edible, agricultural, ecological restoration, and handicraft purposes. We advocate for community-based "interactive" ecological restoration, using economic incentives to drive ecological recovery. This study contributes to ecological restoration, germplasm conservation, and local economic development.},
}

@article {pmid42955409,
year = {2026},
author = {Cekim, HO and Özüşen, B},
title = {Assessing the impact of climate change on tourism seasonality: the role of bioclimatic indicators for Antalya.},
journal = {International journal of biometeorology},
volume = {70},
number = {11},
pages = {},
pmid = {42955409},
issn = {1432-1254},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Tourism ; Seasons ; Temperature ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; },
abstract = {As a primary climate change hotspot, the Mediterranean Basin faces rising temperatures that threaten the bioclimatic suitability of its coastal destinations. This study examines how international tourism flows to Antalya, Türkiye, respond to specific meteorological parameters, including sea water temperature, maximum air temperature, and total sunshine. The ARIMAX modeling and seasonal decomposition methods from time series approaches are employed to assess the susceptibility of tourism demand to climate change. The results show that there was no structural break in total volume during June, July and August, but that demand led to a marked temporal expansion towards the post-summer months (September and October). This trend indicates that the number of hot days is increasing due to climate change, and that this is a factor in tourists deciding to choose the province of Antalya as their destination. The increase in the number of hot days, which has led to an increase in tourist numbers, highlights a significant vulnerability. Any future climate-related changes in thermal comfort levels or extreme weather events may necessitate new planning measures. We conclude that bioclimatic indicators serve as essential predictors for future tourism dynamics, offering critical data for climate adaptation and regional planning. In the discussion section, we present a theoretical perspective on tourist behaviour based on the findings of the study.},
}

*Climate Change
*Tourism
Seasons
Temperature
Humans
Models, Theoretical

@article {pmid42960100,
year = {2026},
author = {Barnes, C and Masselot, P and Xi, D and Clarke, B and Rayner, A and Chen, X and Wang, R and Raju, E and Theokritoff, E and Mistry, M and Gasparrini, A and Otto, F and Vicedo-Cabrera, AM and Konstantinoudis, G},
title = {Heat-related urban mortality attributable to human-induced climate change in Europe from 2000 to 2025.},
journal = {Nature health},
volume = {4},
number = {7},
pages = {1130-1141},
pmid = {42960100},
issn = {3005-0693},
abstract = {Anthropogenic climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme heat, with major implications for population health. Although previous studies have attributed heat-related mortality to climate change during individual events, the longer-term contribution of human-induced warming to urban mortality burdens across Europe remains poorly quantified. Here, we combine probabilistic climate attribution with city- and age-specific temperature-mortality relationships to estimate heat-related mortality in 854 European cities during the summers of 2000-2025 under factual and counterfactual climate conditions. We estimate 430,365 heat-related deaths over the study period, with just over half of the modelled burden attributable to human-induced warming. The proportion of estimated heat deaths attributable to human-induced climate change shows a marked rise over time, increasing from 39% in 2000 to 68% in 2025. Although summer 2003 remains the second deadliest summer in absolute terms, summers with similarly large expected mortality burdens have become more frequent in recent years. These findings show that anthropogenic climate change has already greatly increased expected heat-related mortality across European cities, underscoring the need for both rapid emissions reductions and targeted local adaptation.},
}

@article {pmid42960659,
year = {2026},
author = {An, W and Vitali, V and Liu, X and Treydte, K and Xu, C and Guo, Z},
title = {Site-Specific Functional Response of the Tibetan Plateau's Forests to Climate Change Over the Past 200 Years - A Tree-Ring Isotope Perspective.},
journal = {Plant, cell & environment},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/pce.71014},
pmid = {42960659},
issn = {1365-3040},
support = {2024QZKK0301//Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research (STEP) program/ ; 42330501//National Natural Science Foundation of China/ ; IGGCAS-202201//IGGCAS Key program/ ; XDB0710000//Strategy Priority Research Program (Category B) of Chinese/ ; 101135263//European Union HorizonEurope research and innovation programme under grant agreement/ ; 23.00522//Swiss State Secretariat for Research and Innovation SERI under contract/ ; 207360//Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung/ ; },
abstract = {Global warming challenges forest resilience on the Tibetan Plateau by disrupting tree's physiological adjustments. However, understanding the physiological adjustments between autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism under shifting moisture regimes remains challenging. We investigated 200-year tree functioning across a moisture gradient using tree-ring width and carbon isotope variation (δ[13]C) to indicate water stress, and the covariation between tree-ring cellulose δ[18]O and δ[2]H (O▬H relationship) to indicate shifts in autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism. The moist site exhibited strong and stable O▬H coupling, reflecting dominant hydroclimatic control, though recent droughts induced decoupling and reduced growth. In contrast, the semi-arid site showed lower and variable O▬H relationship, reflecting repeated transitional functional state. The arid-site forest showed increased growth due to recent wetting, yet persistent OH decoupling indicated ongoing physiological adjustments. Combined with the instrumental data, we found that O▬H coupling strength depended on site-specific hydroclimatic baselines, appearing stronger in dry years at arid sites but in wet years at semi-arid sites. Overall, our framework provides a quantitative, time-resolved perspective on trees' physiological response across moisture regimes. The O-H relationship serves as an early-warning tool for detecting forests undergoing functional shifts under ongoing climate change.},
}

@article {pmid42950875,
year = {2026},
author = {Cai, W and Zhang, C and Zhang, S and Bai, Y and Chen, B and Chen, H and Chen, Y and Fan, W and Guan, D and Guo, H and Hasan, MM and Hu, Y and Hua, J and Huang, C and Huang, H and Huang, J and Huang, X and Ji, JS and Jiang, Q and Jiang, X and Kan, H and Kiesewetter, G and Li, B and Li, T and Liao, W and Liang, L and Lin, B and Lin, H and Liu, Q and Liu, Z and Liu, Z and Liu, Z and Lou, S and Lu, B and Lu, C and Ma, W and Miao, Y and Ren, C and Repke, T and Romanello, M and Shang, M and Shen, J and Shi, T and Su, J and Su, R and Sun, X and Sun, Y and Walawender, M and Wang, C and Wang, G and Wang, H and Wang, Q and Wang, Y and Wei, W and Wen, S and Wu, H and Xiong, H and Xu, B and Yang, X and Yang, Y and Yao, F and Yu, L and Yu, Z and Yuan, J and Zeng, S and Zhang, J and Zhang, R and Zhang, S and Zhang, S and Zhang, Z and Zhao, M and Zhao, Q and Zheng, D and Zhou, H and Zhou, J and Zhou, M and Zhou, Y and Luo, Y and Chen, D and Gong, P},
title = {The 2026 China report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: safeguarding individual health through accelerated climate action.},
journal = {The Lancet. Public health},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00191-X},
pmid = {42950875},
issn = {2468-2667},
}

@article {pmid42950876,
year = {2026},
author = {Romanello, M and Walawender, M and Israelsson, J and Hasan, MM and Battaglia, F and Dutta, A and Hsu, SC and Orgen, P and Palmeiro-Silva, Y and Scamman, D and Smallcombe, JW and Abdullah, S and Ameli, N and Andrew, TR and Angelova, D and Ayeb-Karlsson, S and Ballester, J and Basagaña, X and Basart, S and Bechara, H and Beggs, PJ and Martinez, BB and Black, M and Cai, W and Campbell-Lendrum, D and Castellan, A and Castellanos, P and Coan, T and Colagiuri, P and Connorton, E and Cross, TJ and Dalin, C and Dasandi, N and Dasgupta, S and Davies, M and Eckelman, M and Friel, G and Freyberg, C and Gasparyan, O and Giguere, J and Gordon-Strachan, G and Hamilton, I and Hang, Y and Hänninen, R and Hartinger, S and He, K and Heidecke, J and Hess, JJ and Jankin, S and Jay, O and Johnson, V and Kadantsev, E and Kalatzi-Pantera, D and Kelman, I and Kennard, H and Kiesewetter, G and Kinney, P and Kniveton, D and Kouznetsov, R and Lampard, P and Lee, H and Lee, JKW and Lemke, B and Li, B and Liu, Y and Liu, Z and Teng, LLH and Lowe, R and Mabhaudhi, T and Malla, R and Manohara, K and Markandya, A and Martin, G and Martinez-Urtaza, J and Maslin, M and McDowall, W and McMichael, C and Mi, Z and Milà, C and Milner, J and Minor, K and Minx, JC and Mohajeri, N and Momen, NC and Moradi-Lakeh, M and Morrissey, K and Munzert, S and Murgia, LM and Nejadghorban, H and O'Neill, S and Otto, M and Owfi, F and Pega, F and Pershing, AJ and Pinho-Gomes, AC and Pruthi, D and Rabbaniha, M and Repke, T and Rizan, C and Roa-Contreras, JA and Roberts, E and Robinson, EJZ and Rocklöv, J and Rojas-Rueda, D and Ruiz-Cabrejos, J and Rusticucci, M and Saeed, M and Salas, RN and Schweizer, C and Semenza, JC and Shamsudduha, M and Sherman, JD and Shumake-Guillemot, J and Singh, P and Sjödin, H and Smith, MR and Sofiev, M and Sorensen, C and Springmann, M and Stowell, JD and Supran, G and Tabatabaei, M and Tartarini, F and Taylor, J and Tong, D and Tonne, C and Treskova, M and Trinanes, JA and Uppstu, A and Valdes-Ortega, N and Wagner, F and Walker, L and Watts, N and Whitcombe, H and Williams, JTW and Wood, R and Wright, CY and Xian, P and Yang, P and Zhang, C and Zhang, S and Zhang, S and Zhang, Y and Gong, P and Montgomery, H and Costello, A},
title = {The 2026 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: a decade of escalating health harms and a decisive moment for all.},
journal = {Lancet (London, England)},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01779-4},
pmid = {42950876},
issn = {1474-547X},
abstract = {For the French, Arabic, Spanish, Brazilian-Portuguese and Mandarin translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.},
}

@article {pmid42951293,
year = {2026},
author = {Scalabrino, GA and Gafner, S and Armbrecht, A and Cuerrier, A and Cunningham, AB and Goi, P and Heinrich, M and Mulà, A and Mundkinajeddu, D and Satyal, P and Sheridan, H and Villar, A and Walsh, JJ and Yalçin, FN and Zangara, A and Bilia, AR},
title = {Medicinal Plant Production in a World of Climate Change: Implications for Quality and Long-Term Trade Viability.},
journal = {Planta medica},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1055/a-2992-4623},
pmid = {42951293},
issn = {1439-0221},
abstract = {Climate change, in combination with over-exploitation, habitat destruction and additional human intervention, impact the availability and quality of plants used for medicine across the globe. Possible consequences are changes in the chemical composition, supply shortages and price increases, which -in turn, can lead to the market appearance of low quality, highly diluted or adulterated botanical products. Some supply issues can be alleviated by cultivation, but not all medicinal species are easily cultivated, and in many areas of the world, wild-growing plants are the main source of herbal medicines. Besides efforts to combat the climate crisis, solutions include more sustainable cultivation and wild-harvesting practices, additional regulations that favour more feasible (or renewable) production of herbal medicines and botanical food supplements, better enforcement of current regulations on feasible production of medicinal plants, industry-wide initiatives to source, formulate, and manufacture products following more environmentallyfriendly ("green") practices, and changing consumers' purchasing behaviour to put more emphasis on products that follow certain sustainability standards. In addition, education of regulators, farmers, collectors of wild plant materials, industry members, researchers and the public about the impact of climate change on medicinal plant species and the need for implementation of sustainable practices is necessary to ensure future access to herbal medicinal products and botanical dietary/food supplements and the long-term viability of the trade.},
}

@article {pmid42951992,
year = {2026},
author = {Dinneen, J},
title = {Could a giant sunshade in space 'solve global warming'? Scientists are taking the idea seriously.},
journal = {Nature},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1038/d41586-026-03415-2},
pmid = {42951992},
issn = {1476-4687},
}

@article {pmid42952334,
year = {2026},
author = {Bedada, AB and Abdi, E and Gelalcha, DY},
title = {Integrated effects of climate change and land-use/land-cover dynamics on streamflow and sediment yield in the Teji Catchment, Ethiopia.},
journal = {Journal of environmental quality},
volume = {55},
number = {6},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1002/jeq2.70307},
pmid = {42952334},
issn = {1537-2537},
mesh = {Ethiopia ; *Climate Change ; *Geologic Sediments/analysis ; *Environmental Monitoring ; *Rivers ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Agriculture ; *Water Movements ; },
abstract = {This study evaluates the combined effects of projected climate and land-use/land-cover (LULC) change on streamflow and sediment yield in the Teji Catchment, Ethiopia. The analysis covered historical and future periods from the 1980s to the 2060s, with the 1980s, 2000s, and 2020s representing the historical period. The 2040s and 2060s represent projected scenarios. Observed meteorological data from the Teji, Ginchi, and Kimoye stations characterize historical climate conditions. Climate projections were developed using Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 shared socioeconomic pathway (SSP) scenarios. Historical LULC maps were derived from Landsat imagery, while future LULC patterns were predicted using the Modules for Land Use Change Simulation. We used soil and water assessment tool plus to simulate sediment yield and streamflow. The results showed that both rainfall and temperature are expected to rise, although the rainfall trends were not statistically significant. LULC analysis revealed an expansion of cultivated land and settlements at the expense of grassland, forest, and shrubland. Combined effects of climate and LULC changes are projected to increase both streamflow and sediment yield throughout the study period. Compared to the 1980s, daily streamflow is projected to increase by 27.3%, 28.3%, and 37.2%, and mean annual sediment yield by 29.6%, 31.7%, and 41.5% under SSP1-1.9, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5, respectively, by the 2060s. These dynamics may increase sedimentation in the catchment, with potential implications for agricultural productivity and ecosystem functioning. Therefore, integrated catchment management and climate adaptation mechanisms need to be planned and implemented.},
}

Ethiopia
*Climate Change
*Geologic Sediments/analysis
*Environmental Monitoring
*Rivers
Conservation of Natural Resources
Agriculture
*Water Movements

@article {pmid42952913,
year = {2026},
author = {Dissanayaka, DMSB},
title = {From yield to nutrition: re-imagining crop nutritional resilience for global nutrition security under climate change.},
journal = {Frontiers in nutrition},
volume = {13},
number = {},
pages = {1987519},
pmid = {42952913},
issn = {2296-861X},
abstract = {Climate change is increasingly challenging crop-based food and nutrition security not only through reductions in crop productivity but also by altering the nutritional composition, bioavailability, and functionality properties of food. Rising temperature, drought, excessive rainfall and flooding, elevated atmospheric CO2, and salinity can modify the accumulation, partitioning, and availability of proteins, minerals, vitamins, carotenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, and other bioactive compounds in crop-derived foods. Elevated CO2 is frequently associated with dilution of protein, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and other minerals in crops while heat and water stress can further disrupt nutrient uptake, translocation, and grain filling. However, responses are not universally negative: moderate environmental stress may stimulate selected phytochemicals and antioxidants, and responses depend strongly on crop species, genotype, nutrient, stress intensity and duration, developmental stage, and environmental context. Nutrient concentration alone also does not determine nutritional value because anti-nutritional factors, food matrix characteristics, processing, digestibility, and bioavailability influence the nutrients ultimately available to consumers. This mini-review synthesizes the evidence on climate-related changes in crop nutritional quality and develops the concept of nutritional resilience around four interconnected dimensions: productivity, nutrient density, bioavailability, and dietary diversity. The framework is intended to complement, not replace, existing food security, nutrition-sensitive agriculture, and climate-resilient approaches by emphasizing whether climate adaptation can maintain nutritionally meaningful food from crop production through consumption.},
}

@article {pmid42944630,
year = {2026},
author = {},
title = {Correction to: Climate change and cardiovascular risk factors management: emerging challenges and strategies for prevention and adaptation.},
journal = {European journal of preventive cardiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurjpc/zwag559},
pmid = {42944630},
issn = {2047-4881},
}

@article {pmid42944961,
year = {2026},
author = {Alsehli, AH and A Eskander, TN and Alahmadi, SM and Khashoqji, MM and Al-Farraj, ES and Fathalla, M and Abd El-Lateef, HM and Elhady, O and Abu-Dief, AM},
title = {Innovations in engineered nanomaterials for enhanced CO2 adsorption and climate change mitigation.},
journal = {Discover nano},
volume = {21},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42944961},
issn = {2731-9229},
support = {KFU263289//King Faisal University/ ; },
abstract = {Climate change, characterized by persistent alterations in weather patterns from tropical to polar regions, poses a multifaceted challenge that affects numerous sectors globally. Moreover, climate change is also endangering the existence and integrity of many species by disrupting their optimal temperature ranges, thus exacerbating the loss of biodiversity by reshaping ecosystems. The emergence and spread of diseases, exemplified by the recent coronavirus pandemic, are also influenced by climate variability, which enhances the likelihood of foodborne, waterborne, and vector-borne illnesses. The accelerating rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentrations is a major driver of global climate change, necessitating the development of effective mitigation technologies. Among the emerging solutions, engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have demonstrated exceptional potential for CO2 capture owing to their tunable surface chemistry, high porosity, and superior adsorption capacity. This review systematically examines recent innovations in nanostructured materials-such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), carbon-based nanomaterials, zeolitic materials, and hybrid composites-designed to enhance CO2 adsorption performance. The underlying adsorption mechanisms, including physisorption, chemisorption, and surface functionalization strategies, are discussed in detail to elucidate structure-property relationships. Special attention is given to the synergistic effects of nanoparticle modification, doping, and heterostructure engineering in optimizing adsorption kinetics and selectivity. Furthermore, the review evaluates experimental and computational advancements that bridge the gap between laboratory-scale findings and industrial implementation. The study highlights how the rational design of ENMs contributes not only to CO2 capture efficiency but also to the broader goal of sustainable carbon management and climate change mitigation. Finally, future perspectives on scalable synthesis, environmental safety, and integration with renewable energy systems are outlined to guide forthcoming research directions.},
}

@article {pmid42946387,
year = {2026},
author = {Perry, WB},
title = {Aquaculture, global food security and the looming risks of climate change.},
journal = {Journal of fish biology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/jfb.70709},
pmid = {42946387},
issn = {1095-8649},
}

@article {pmid42947556,
year = {2026},
author = {Loonam, K and Brown, C and Clark, D and Rowland, MM and Wisdom, M and Levi, T},
title = {Effects of predator recovery and climate change on the long-term demography of a flagship herbivore.},
journal = {The Journal of animal ecology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1111/1365-2656.70367},
pmid = {42947556},
issn = {1365-2656},
abstract = {Large herbivores play important roles in ecosystems across the globe, but limitations to study and inference have left gaps in predictive theories of their population dynamics, particularly following carnivore recoveries. Studies using spatial variation have explored the broad patterns of top-down and bottom-up forces in large herbivores. However, temporal changes in a population provide the most direct evidence for predicting future effects, and long-term studies spanning variation in top-down and bottom-up forces remain rare. We used 36 years of data on elk (Cervus canadensis) in the western United States in an integrated population model to test the effects of top-down (Puma concolor recovery) and bottom-up (drought) forces on pregnancy rates and age-based survival across a range of elk densities in the context of human harvest. We then quantified the proportion of variance in population growth attributable to those forces relative to the influences of harvest, age structure and unmodelled variation in demographic rates. Both top-down and bottom-up forces had measurable effects on elk population dynamics, with puma recovery reducing survival in the first 2 years of life and drought reducing pregnancy probability and survival at all ages. We also found negative density dependence in pregnancy, consistent with bottom-up control and positive density dependence in survival of young, consistent with predator swamping. Harvest explained the greatest proportion of variation in population growth (26%). Of the non-harvest parameters, drought severity had the largest effect, explaining as much variation (16%) as all of the unmodelled changes in demographic rates. Puma recovery explained 13% of the variation, and density dependence explained 8%. Without more long-term studies spanning sufficient ecological variation, the predictive abilities of large herbivore ecology will remain limited. With ongoing anthropogenic changes to the forces acting on large herbivores around the world, improving predictions will be invaluable to conservation.},
}

@article {pmid42947804,
year = {2026},
author = {Asutay, E},
title = {A balanced set of standardized affective environmental images for climate change research.},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
volume = {17},
number = {},
pages = {1944740},
pmid = {42947804},
issn = {1664-1078},
}

@article {pmid42949401,
year = {2026},
author = {Beggs, PJ and Singh, T and Bambrick, H and Borchers Arriagada, N and Bowen, K and Capon, AG and Colagiuri, P and Crandon, T and Cross, TJ and Dimer, L and Green, D and Hanigan, IC and Heenan, M and Ho, T and Jay, O and Kennard, HR and Langridge, F and Linnenluecke, MK and Lokmic-Tomkins, Z and Lovett, R and MacGregor, C and Malik, A and Markey-Towler, R and Matthews, V and McKay, CD and McMichael, C and Nice, K and Peel, J and Seneviratne, S and Sievert, K and Smallcombe, J and Stevenson, M and Trueck, S and Vardoulakis, S and Vyas, A and Wilkes, B and Williams, JTW and Woodward, AJ and Zhang, Y and Hasan, MM and Romanello, MB},
title = {The 2026 Oceania Report of the MJA-Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change: Children Already Impacted, With a Lifetime of Exposure to Come.},
journal = {The Medical journal of Australia},
volume = {224},
number = {11},
pages = {},
doi = {10.5694/mja2.70315},
pmid = {42949401},
issn = {1326-5377},
support = {304972/Z/23/Z/WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom ; },
mesh = {Humans ; *Climate Change ; Australia ; Child ; Adolescent ; New Zealand ; Oceania ; Young Adult ; Infant ; },
abstract = {The Medical Journal of Australia (MJA)-Lancet Countdown on health and climate change in Oceania was established in 2017 and produced its first regional assessment in 2018 and annual updates from 2019 to 2025. It examines five broad domains: (1) health hazards, exposures and impacts; (2) adaptation, planning and resilience for health; (3) mitigation actions and health co-benefits; (4) economics and finance; and (5) public and political engagement. In this, the eighth report of the MJA-Lancet Countdown, we track an extensive suite of indicators across these five domains, accessing and presenting the latest data and further refining and developing our analyses. Our analyses show that exposure of infants and older adults to heatwaves in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand has increased substantially over the past decade due to climate change, and half of the 16,230 young Australians aged 14-19 years surveyed reported that they are worried or sad about the impacts of climate change, including its threat to people, and about 1 in 7 reported that such feelings are negatively affecting their daily life. Increasing heat-related mortality alone is placing a large economic burden on Australians, with associated inflation-adjusted costs over the period 2021-2025 being more than double what they were at the start of the century, now averaging an estimated US$1.49 billion per year nationally. In other areas, some progress is being made. New Zealand's Health National Adaptation Plan 2024-2027, published in October 2024, lays the foundation for building climate resilience within its health system, while acknowledging the environmental and social determinants of health that apply more broadly. The provision of climate services to the health sector in both Australia and New Zealand is categorised as advanced. In Australia, healthcare-related greenhouse gas emissions generally declined from 2016 to 2023. In conclusion, the threat to physical and mental health from climate change continues to grow. Despite pockets of progress, Australia and New Zealand have a long way to go to adequately mitigate and adapt to climate change, and in so doing not only avoid health impacts but seize the opportunity for generational health gains. Important opportunities have been lost, such as the failed attempts to amend Australia's Climate Change Act 2022 to 'require decision-makers to consider the health and well-being of children in Australia when making significant decisions'. In 2026, Australia is in the spotlight as President of Negotiations for the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP31)-an unprecedented opportunity for the Australian Government to push through the sizable step change in global climate action that is now critically required.},
}

Humans
*Climate Change
Australia
Child
Adolescent
New Zealand
Oceania
Young Adult
Infant

@article {pmid42950028,
year = {2026},
author = {Miersch, P and Dunkl, I and Sánchez-Benítez, A and Athanase, M and Rakovec, O and Klotz, D and Sippel, S and Goessling, H and Zscheischler, J},
title = {Evidence from 2024 Storm Boris indicates anthropogenic climate change amplifies floods more than extreme precipitation.},
journal = {Science advances},
volume = {12},
number = {44},
pages = {eaef7703},
doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aef7703},
pmid = {42950028},
issn = {2375-2548},
abstract = {Anthropogenic climate change intensifies extreme precipitation, but how it affects flood hazards remains uncertain. In September 2024, Storm Boris triggered catastrophic flooding across central Europe, underscoring the need to quantify the contribution of human-caused climate change to flood intensity for effective risk management. Using a storyline approach, we show that precipitation associated with Storm Boris would have been 6 to 9% lower in the absence of anthropogenic climate change, whereas flood peaks would, on average, have been reduced by 14 to 22%. Our estimates are based on nudged simulations from two climate models coupled with two hydrological models across hundreds of affected catchments. The results imply that anthropogenic forcing amplified flood peaks by a factor of 2.1 to 2.9 relative to the increase in event precipitation. Overall, we demonstrate that attributing precipitation alone would substantially underestimate flood hazard amplification from climate change-an effect that should inform future risk assessments and loss estimates.},
}

@article {pmid42950275,
year = {2026},
author = {Khera, G and Dahri, K and Lau, L and Nguyen, M and Soquena, GF and Pammett, R and Wong, G},
title = {British Columbia pharmacists' perceptions on climate change and environmental sustainability.},
journal = {Canadian pharmacists journal : CPJ = Revue des pharmaciens du Canada : RPC},
volume = {159},
number = {2},
pages = {134-145},
doi = {10.3138/cpj-25-0040},
pmid = {42950275},
issn = {1715-1635},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Health care contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions, climate change, and planetary health. While pharmacists are well-placed to address these issues, there is limited information on their views. The objective of the study was to assess the perspectives of pharmacists in British Columbia (BC) and their capacity to mitigate and adapt to climate change.

METHODS: BC pharmacists were surveyed using an online, cross-sectional questionnaire with 7 sections: demographics, climate beliefs, risk perception, perceived health impacts, health care roles, willingness to act, current practices, and barriers.

RESULTS: Two hundred forty-four pharmacists completed the survey. The majority of respondents (84%; 201/240) believed climate change is occurring; 21% (51/244) deemed it an "extremely important" issue. Heat-related illnesses were identified as having the greatest impact on patient health by 75% (182/243) of the respondents, with 79% (182/230) expecting this trend to persist. While 76% (185/243) agreed or strongly agreed that pharmacists are well-placed to assist their communities with climate solutions, the most common barriers were: inadequate training and information (72%; 172/239), lack of time (53%; 127/238), lack of authority to make change (48%; 112/235), and staff attitudes (47%; 114/241). Despite this, 49% (118/242) of pharmacists are willing to discuss medication-related environmental impacts with patients, 63% (153/243) are willing to adapt a prescription to reduce carbon emissions, and 59% (147/238) already recommend lower carbon alternatives, when appropriate.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: Participants acknowledged the threat of climate change and were willing to make changes and promote climate solutions. However, barriers exist and must be addressed to facilitate change.},
}

@article {pmid42950392,
year = {2026},
author = {Fathy, RF and Younis, EM},
title = {Sub-chronic effects of diclofenac on physiological, biochemical, immune, and neuro-repoductive responses in Nile tilapia under climate change scenario.},
journal = {Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
volume = {302},
number = {},
pages = {108056},
doi = {10.1016/j.aquatox.2026.108056},
pmid = {42950392},
issn = {1879-1514},
abstract = {Climate-driven warming and pharmaceutical residues, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), are increasingly concurrent in wastewater-impacted freshwater systems, although their combined physiological effects in fish remain insufficiently characterized. This study evaluated hematological, serum biochemical, hepatic oxidative, immune, cortisol, neurotoxic, and reproductive responses in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) following 14- day exposure to control conditions (27 °C), thermal stress (35 °C), diclofenac (DCF, 0.5 mg/L nominal), or their combination. Co- exposure produced the most pronounced changes, and two-way ANOVA indicated predominantly additive effects of heat stress and DCF. Red blood cell counts (0.94 vs 1.30 × 10[6]/µl), hemoglobin (8.3 vs 9.1 g/dL), and hematocrit (15.4 vs 17.1%) were significantly reduced, whereas leukocyte (128.5 vs 116.5 × 10[3]/µl) and thrombocyte (294.8 vs 285.3 × 10[3]/µl) counts increased significantly. Serum glucose (165.8 vs 95.4 mg/dL), total protein, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels increased significantly, indicating hepatic strain. Hepatic superoxide dismutase activity decreased significantly to 19.5 U/mg protein, while malondialdehyde increased significantly to 29.8 nmol/mg protein. Respiratory burst, myeloperoxidase, immunoglobulin M, and tumour necrosis factor-α levels increased significantly, while cortisol rose to 340% of control. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, vitellogenin, and acetylcholinesterase activity decreased significantly to 45%, 30%, and 35% of control, respectively. A significant more-than-additive temperature × DCF interaction was observed only for IgM, TNF-α, and cortisol, suggesting that warming exacerbated immune and cortisol-related stress responses to DCF. These findings raise concern for subtropical freshwaters receiving inadequately treated pharmaceutical effluent and highlighting the need to incorporate warming into ecological risk assessments of pharmaceuticals.},
}

@article {pmid42929039,
year = {2026},
author = {Szopa, S and Cooper, OR and Collins, WJ and Fiore, AM and Lee, J and Lin, M and Lu, X and Naik, V and Turnock, ST and West, JJ and Chang, KL and Wang, H},
title = {Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report II: ozone interactions with climate change: drivers and long-term trends.},
journal = {Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences},
volume = {384},
number = {2332},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1098/rsta.2025.0272},
pmid = {42929039},
issn = {1471-2962},
support = {NA22OAR4320151//NOAA Cooperative Agreement/ ; //Met Office Climate Science for Service Partnership (CSSP)/ ; //International Science Partnerships Fund (ISPF)/ ; 80NSSC23K0930//NASA/ ; },
abstract = {This Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report Phase-II (TOAR-II) study has assessed the current state of knowledge regarding ozone's important role as a short-lived climate forcer (SLCF), as well as the influence of climate change on global tropospheric ozone, relying on new studies published within the past five years. Models estimate that the tropospheric ozone burden has increased substantially since the pre-industrial era, supported by available measurements, contributing to a radiative climate forcing from total column ozone of 0.50 (0.25 to 0.75) W m-2 for 1750-2024, making ozone the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG). Since 1990, surface, airborne and satellite measurements, as well as models, have suggested a continued rise in the tropospheric burden, although ground-level ozone is decreasing in some regions. This is driven, in part, by the continued rise of methane, despite estimates that global anthropogenic NOx emissions may have peaked recently. Climate change influences ozone through a variety of physical, biological and chemical processes. Increasing temperatures are expected to reduce the global average surface ozone owing to increased water vapour, but increase ozone in polluted regions. Future surface and free tropospheric ozone concentrations will be determined by a complex interplay of emission changes, as well as by climate change and land-biosphere feedbacks. This article is part of the theme issue 'Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report II'.},
}

@article {pmid42932369,
year = {2026},
author = {Li, F and Zhao, G and Moming, A and Liu, X and Ma, P and Zhan, S and Wang, H and Chen, J and Tuerdali, W and Wang, Q and Luo, T and Wu, H and Zhang, Y},
title = {Integrating MaxEnt and copula models to assess plague-associated ecological suitability under climate change in Northern Tianshan, China.},
journal = {PLoS neglected tropical diseases},
volume = {20},
number = {10},
pages = {e0014818},
doi = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0014818},
pmid = {42932369},
issn = {1935-2735},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Plague, a paradigmatic zoonotic disease, depends on the intricate interplay among ecological environments, climatic conditions, and host-vector-pathogen interactions for its transmission. Climate change is reshaping the ecological distribution and transmission risks of plague. However, a systematic understanding of the future epidemiological trends for the Northern Tianshan Natural Plague Focus in Xinjiang remains limited.

METHODS: By employing an optimized maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) integrated with joint distribution Copula functions, the spatiotemporal dynamics of Marmota baibacina, Yersinia pestis, and plague transmission risk under both current and future climate change scenarios were evaluated.

RESULTS: The results revealed that the high-suitability habitats for both M. baibacina and Y. pestis within the focus were projected to exhibit trends of contraction and expansion in the future. These patterns could be attributed to the distinct environmental factors shaping their distributions. Specifically, the distribution of M. baibacina was primarily determined by temperature (Bio6 and Bio7) and precipitation (Bio15), whereas the distribution of Y. pestis was predominantly influenced by Bio15 and elevation. The spatial distribution of high-risk areas for plague transmission was projected to undergo dynamic changes, characterized by phases of stability, contraction, and expansion. Furthermore, the centroid of these high-risk regions may shift from Wusu City to Nileke County.

CONCLUSIONS: Under future climate scenarios, the distribution and transmission risk of plague in the focus may be influenced by environmental factors, resulting in scenario- and period-dependent spatial changes. The western region of the focus is anticipated to experience the most pronounced shifts and is projected to remain at elevated risk of epizootic plague.},
}

@article {pmid42932660,
year = {2026},
author = {Grace, K and Reich, PB and Agrawal, A and Brown, ME},
title = {Exploring data science as a tool to advance linked socioecological systems in the context of climate change.},
journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
volume = {123},
number = {44},
pages = {e2321149123},
doi = {10.1073/pnas.2321149123},
pmid = {42932660},
issn = {1091-6490},
}

@article {pmid42934218,
year = {2026},
author = {Shokri, M and Potapov, AM and De Leo, F and Leiva, FP and Uvarov, AV and Basset, A},
title = {Global meta-analysis of metabolic responses to climate change in aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates.},
journal = {Nature communications},
volume = {17},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42934218},
issn = {2041-1723},
mesh = {Animals ; *Invertebrates/metabolism ; *Climate Change ; Ecosystem ; *Aquatic Organisms/metabolism ; Temperature ; },
abstract = {Climate change is transforming living systems worldwide, with its impact primarily mediated through organisms' metabolic rates. Understanding how metabolic rate responds to climate change and identifying which ecosystems and geographic areas will be severely affected remain urgent priorities. Here, we assemble and meta-analyse a dataset to establish the current state of knowledge on thermal sensitivity of metabolic rate (i.e. the degree of metabolic response to temperature) and its plasticity, and how these vary geographically and across ecosystems in invertebrates-Earth's most diverse yet understudied organisms. We demonstrate that invertebrates from aquatic ecosystems exhibit a lower metabolic response to temperature than those from terrestrial ones, with this response increasing with latitude, though more sharply in terrestrial ecosystems. Organisms inhabiting warm and stable climates show greater capacity for metabolic plasticity to counteract temperature effects. Conversely, cold and more variable climates shape heightened thermal sensitivity, particularly in terrestrial ecosystems. We forecast substantial increases in metabolic rates even under a modest climate change scenario (CMIP5-RCP2.6), with increases of up to 26.6% in aquatic and 43.9% in terrestrial invertebrates. These pronounced warming impacts on terrestrial species and those at higher latitudes suggest that they are among the most at risk, more so than previously thought.},
}

Animals
*Invertebrates/metabolism
*Climate Change
Ecosystem
*Aquatic Organisms/metabolism
Temperature

@article {pmid42934642,
year = {2026},
author = {Ga, T and L, O and E, O and Pc, C and H, SW and S, H and Rs, K},
title = {How are local authorities responding to climate change and health impacts? a policy document analysis of four England regions.},
journal = {BMC public health},
volume = {26},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42934642},
issn = {1471-2458},
support = {PHR NIHR150330//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; NIHR 207406//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; PHR NIHR150330//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; NIHR 207406//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; NIHR 207406//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; PHR NIHR150330//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; PHR NIHR150330//National Institute for Health and Care Research/ ; },
mesh = {*Climate Change ; England ; Humans ; Document Analysis ; *Local Government ; *Public Health ; *Health Policy ; Qualitative Research ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Climate change poses growing risks to population health. In England, local authorities can influence key determinants of climate-related health outcomes through responsibilities for housing, transport, environmental protection and public health. However, climate mitigation and adaptation are not statutory duties, and there is limited evidence on how climate and public health objectives are integrated across local policy frameworks.

AIM: This study reviews local authority policy documents across English local governments, examining how they incorporate public health objectives within climate-related strategies, align policies across multiple policy domains and address health inequalities.

METHODS: We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 129 publicly available policy documents from 12 local authorities across four regions of England. Documents were identified through structured web searches and analysed using an a priori conceptual framework covering mitigation, adaptation, population health, environmental exposures and sectoral policy domains, vulnerability and inequality, and interventions.

RESULTS: Policy documents included a wide range of interventions, particularly in transport, housing energy efficiency and urban greenspace. Public health was rarely articulated as a primary objective and was more commonly framed as a co-benefit. Cross-sectoral alignment varied between policy domains, with stronger integration observed in active travel, housing retrofit, greenspace access and quality as well as flood resilience strategies. Air quality and transport strategies most clearly linked climate and health objectives, while food, greenspace and health and wellbeing strategies often did so implicitly. No authority had a standalone heat strategy, although heat-related actions appeared across multiple policy documents.

CONCLUSION: Local authorities are implementing many interventions with potential public health benefits, but explicit integration of public health objectives within local climate policy frameworks remains variable. Stronger cross-sectoral coordination, clearer public health framing, and improved monitoring may help maximise health co-benefits and reduce climate-related health inequalities.},
}

*Climate Change
England
Humans
Document Analysis
*Local Government
*Public Health
*Health Policy
Qualitative Research

@article {pmid42937846,
year = {2026},
author = {Chen, X and Prentice, D and Arnold, R and Sabin, A and Tran, C and Bustillos, S and Leão, A and Collin, M and Alfonso Vargas, N and Bauchy, M and Kumar, A and Neithalath, N and Viswanathan, V and Traynor, T and Corsini, L and Simonetti, D and Gadt, T and Jassby, D and Rosner, F and Sant, G and La Plante, E},
title = {Seawater Electrolysis Enables Multipathway Climate Change Mitigation through Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Removal, Renewable Hydrogen Production, and Cement and Concrete Decarbonization.},
journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
volume = {148},
number = {38},
pages = {40583-40601},
pmid = {42937846},
issn = {1520-5126},
support = {DE-AR0001551, DE-AR0001147, DE-AR0001777, DE-AR000//U.S. Department of Energy/ ; NA//Chan Zuckerberg Initiative/ ; NA//Schmidt Family Foundation/ ; NA//Public Utilities Board - Singapore/ ; NA//Temasek Foundation/ ; //Shell India Limited/ ; Anthony Pritzker Foundation//Anthony Pritzker Foundation/ ; CAMELOT Industrial Technology Translation Initiati//UCLA???s Institute for Carbon Management/ ; CAREER: 2342381//National Science Foundation (NSF)/ ; NA//Anthony Pritzker Foundation/ ; NA//National Science Foundation (NSF)/ ; NA//Shell India Limited/ ; NA//The Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment/ ; NA//The Nicholas Endowment/ ; NA//UCLA???s Institute for Carbon Management/ ; Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management: DE-//U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)/ ; The Nicholas Endowment//The Nicholas Endowment/ ; },
abstract = {Thermodynamically favorable ("downhill") reactions that convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into stable solid and dissolved carbonates via reaction with alkaline materials offer a promising route to immobilize gigatonnes of CO2 drawn from dilute sources such as the atmosphere, oceans, and low-concentration flue gases. While subsurface geological CO2 mineralization is technically viable, it depends on specific geological conditions, water availability, and, critically, the availability of unbuilt infrastructure (e.g., pipelines, monitoring stations) and access to concentrated CO2, whose separation from dilute sources is both energy- and cost-intensive. Considering the dual need to remove CO2 from the atmosphere and to decarbonize emission-intensive industries, this perspective highlights electrolysis-driven pH-swing approaches that (a) accelerate CO2 removal from air or flue gases, with overall economics strengthened by the coproduction of hydrogen (H2), and (b) enable low-carbon cement (and hence, concrete) production. First, we present a seawater electrolysis strategy that enables atmospheric carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and produces (Ca,Mg) carbonates/hydroxides and H2 for a gross energy intensity (gEI) of ∼2 MWh per tonne of CO2 (MWh/tCO2). Here, key considerations include acid management and the mitigation of chlorine evolution at scale. Second, we highlight electrochemical methods to synthesize portlandite (Ca(OH)2) and H2 at ambient temperature and pressure from calcium-rich minerals and industrial residues, at ∼2 MWh per tonne Ca(OH)2. We discuss efficient means for calcium extraction and electrolytic Ca(OH)2 precipitation as critical aspects of this pathway. Collectively, these electrolysis-based methods offer scalable, energy-efficient solutions for gigatonne-scale CDR and "hard-to-abate" industrial sectors, particularly when powered by renewable energy.},
}

@article {pmid42940896,
year = {2026},
author = {Wayo, K and Yaowapaksopon, P and Disayathanoowat, T and Nakamura, A and Liu, X and Khokthong, W and Piraonapicha, K},
title = {Habitat Suitability of Megalopteran Communities in Thailand: Conservation Implications Under Climate Change.},
journal = {Insects},
volume = {17},
number = {10},
pages = {},
pmid = {42940896},
issn = {2075-4450},
support = {202503AP140026//Mekong-Republic of Korea Cooperation Fund number 8 and International Joint Laboratory for Southeast Asian Tropical Insect Diversity and Conservation in Yunnan Province/ ; (GMS-BIRC)//Greater Mekong Subregion Biodiversity Innovation Research Center (GMS-BIRC)./ ; },
abstract = {Members of the insect order Megaloptera (alderflies, fishflies, dobsonflies) are ecologically important freshwater insects and valuable biological indicators in freshwater biomonitoring programs, yet their spatial patterns and vulnerability to climate change in Southeast Asia remain poorly understood. We compiled 116 occurrence records representing 23 species across seven genera from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) database, published literature, and our field surveys. We examined the distribution of megalopterans across freshwater ecoregions in Thailand, assessed genus-level associations with climatic, topographic, and landscape variables, and projected habitat suitability under current and future climate scenarios. Our results showed significant differences among genera in elevation, proximity to river and canal networks, and climatic factors, including temperature, humidity, and precipitation. Using a range of modeling approaches based on 19 bioclimatic variables from the WorldClim database, we found that habitat suitability for megalopterans is most strongly driven by the mean temperature of the driest quarter (BIO9), precipitation of the wettest month (BIO13), and maximum temperature of the warmest month (BIO5). Our results indicated that approximately 40% of Thailand (209,170 km[2]) currently provides suitable habitat for megalopterans overall. However, future climate scenarios predict substantial habitat loss, with moderate- and high-suitability areas declining sharply by the 2050s and nearly disappearing by the 2090s under high-emission pathways. Our findings underscore the vulnerability of megalopterans in Thailand to climate warming and seasonality, emphasizing the urgent need for freshwater ecosystem conservation and global mitigation efforts to protect tropical aquatic insect diversity.},
}

@article {pmid42940939,
year = {2026},
author = {Liu, Y and Gao, L and Jiang, Q and Chen, X and He, S and Ping, T and Chen, X},
title = {Predicting Habitat Suitability of Nine Major Grassland Insect Pests in Yunnan, China, Under Climate Change Scenarios.},
journal = {Insects},
volume = {17},
number = {10},
pages = {},
pmid = {42940939},
issn = {2075-4450},
support = {202601CI070005//Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects/ ; },
abstract = {Climate change may alter grassland pest distributions, yet province-wide comparisons based on extensive field surveys remain limited in Yunnan, China. We analysed 10,342 census and special-survey records, retaining 4281 species-climate-cell records for nine pests. Five WorldClim predictors entered ten-algorithm ensembles weighted by the true skill statistic (TSS), evaluated using nested spatial cross-validation. Three climate models projected SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5 across four 20-year periods spanning 2021-2100. Predictive performance varied among species: area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) ranged from 0.591 to 0.778, and TSS from 0.198 to 0.365. Pseudoxya diminuta had the highest AUC (0.778), Patanga japonica the highest TSS (0.365), and the 27-cell Holotrichia parallela model the lowest AUC (0.591). Warm-quarter precipitation ranked first for six species, with mean permutation-induced AUC decreases of 0.054-0.145. Baseline threshold-defined suitable area was largest for Oxya chinensis (235.3 × 10[3] km[2]). By 2081-2100 under SSP5-8.5, consensus suitable area declined by 63.4% for P. japonica and 54.6% for P. diminuta. These species-specific climatic associations and projected changes provide a basis for coordinated provincial surveillance, supported by survey-derived county-township revisit priorities.},
}

@article {pmid42940994,
year = {2026},
author = {Karakuş, Y and Kızıltan, YG and Onat, G},
title = {Perceptions of Climate Change Risk and Place Attachment: Parallel Indirect Associations Through In-Visit Evaluations of Memorable Tourism Experience and the Perceived Future Benefits of Edible Insects.},
journal = {Insects},
volume = {17},
number = {10},
pages = {},
pmid = {42940994},
issn = {2075-4450},
support = {02026008017575//Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University/ ; },
abstract = {This study examines cross-sectional associations between climate change risk perception (CCRP) and place attachment (PA) among Arabic-speaking tourists visiting Ayder Plateau, Türkiye, through two parallel mediators: in-visit evaluations of memorable tourism experience qualities (MTE) and perceived future benefits of edible insects (PFBEI). Face-to-face convenience sampling between 22 July and 7 August 2026 yielded 435 questionnaires; 398 remained after multivariate outlier screening. Structural equation modeling and bias-corrected bootstrapping (5000 resamples) indicated positive associations of CCRP with MTE (β = 0.367) and PFBEI (β = 0.444), but no significant adjusted CCRP-PA association (β = 0.023). MTE (β = 0.699) and PFBEI (β = 0.165) were positively associated with PA, and both indirect associations were significant (MTE: β = 0.257; 95% CI [0.172; 0.353]; PFBEI: β = 0.073; 95% CI [0.034; 0.130]). With an unmeasured latent method factor, the MTE indirect association remained significant, whereas the PFBEI-PA association did not (β = 0.022; p = 0.750). MTE reflects momentary evaluations of the ongoing experience, not post-travel recall. Robustness to excluding 37 outliers could not be tested, country of origin was not recorded, and potential confounders were unmeasured; these are serious limitations, and the findings should be interpreted with caution.},
}

@article {pmid42942349,
year = {2026},
author = {Marano, G and Scialpi, C and Sottile, A and Di Giacomi, O and Lanzetta, M and Traversi, G and Mazza, O and Capristo, E and Gaetani, E and Mazza, M},
title = {Climate Change as a Chronic Stressor: Biological and Psychological Pathways Linking Environmental Change to Human Well-Being.},
journal = {Life (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {16},
number = {10},
pages = {},
pmid = {42942349},
issn = {2075-1729},
abstract = {Climate-related hazards are associated with adverse mental and physical health outcomes, but exposure-specific human findings are often discussed together with general stress mechanisms without clearly distinguishing their evidentiary strength. This narrative review addresses that gap by examining climate change as a context for recurrent thermal, disaster-related, and psychosocial stress, rather than as a single measurable exposure. Evidence is organized around three interacting biological domains: neuroendocrine regulation, inflammation and oxidative stress, and neuroplasticity. Human observational studies support associations between heat, extreme events, and mental health outcomes; short-term human experiments and animal models provide mechanistic insights but do not establish a chronic biological mediation pathway from climate change to psychiatric illness. Indirect pathways include displacement, livelihood disruption, loss, and anticipatory distress. Air pollution is treated as an interacting exposure with both climate-related and independent determinants. Eco-anxiety, climate anxiety, eco-distress, and ecological grief are distinguished from diagnosable disorders, with clinical relevance assessed through functional impairment and individual context. The review's contribution is an evidence-qualified framework linking exposure timing, biological plausibility, psychosocial appraisal, and unequal adaptive capacity. Practical implications include contextual mental health assessment, continuity of psychiatric care during heat and disasters, and incorporation of psychosocial support into adaptation planning. The proposed framework remains hypothesis-generating and requires prospective testing with repeated exposure, biomarker, and clinical assessments.},
}

@article {pmid42943172,
year = {2026},
author = {Yang, R and Ma, H and Guo, W and Li, S and Wang, W and Li, W},
title = {Predicting the Potential Climatic Suitability of Typical Poisonous Weeds on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Under Climate Change Using Biomod2 and a Single Global Climate Model.},
journal = {Plants (Basel, Switzerland)},
volume = {15},
number = {20},
pages = {},
pmid = {42943172},
issn = {2223-7747},
support = {2023YFF1304305//the National Key Research and Development Program of China/ ; 2025-ZJ-969T//the Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai Province/ ; D23029//the 111 Project/ ; },
abstract = {The expansion of poisonous weeds on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) poses increasing challenges to alpine grassland ecosystems and livestock production. Using the Biomod2 ensemble modelling framework, we assessed the current and future potential climatic suitability for five poisonous weed species-Stellera chamaejasme, Thermopsis lanceolata, Gymnaconitum gymnandrum, Oxytropis kansuensis, and Ligularia virgaurea-using climatic and topographic predictors, with future projections based on the single global climate model BCC-CSM2-MR under SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5. Precipitation of the warmest quarter (Bio18) and mean temperature of the wettest quarter (Bio8) showed the highest average variable importance across species, although their contributions varied among model realizations. Under current climatic conditions, suitable habitats were concentrated mainly in the eastern and southeastern QTP, with G. gymnandrum occupying the largest total and highly suitable areas. Under the BCC-CSM2-MR projections, total suitable habitat increased for all five species across the three SSPs, although the magnitude and spatial pattern of change varied among species, suitability classes, scenarios, and periods. T. lanceolata showed the greatest relative increase in suitable habitat, whereas the highly suitable habitat of O. kansuensis declined by approximately 94% under SSP5-8.5 in both future periods despite an increase in its total suitable area. These findings provide a basis for ecological risk assessment, targeted monitoring, and adaptive grassland management under future climate change.},
}

@article {pmid42943470,
year = {2026},
author = {Borges, M and Pista, A and Silveira, L},
title = {Food- and Waterborne Bacteria Transmission and Antimicrobial Resistance Under Climate Change: Evidence Gaps in Mainland Portugal.},
journal = {Microorganisms},
volume = {14},
number = {10},
pages = {},
pmid = {42943470},
issn = {2076-2607},
abstract = {Climate change is increasingly recognised as a driver of microbial risks and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) dynamics across environmental and human systems. This review synthesises current evidence on how climate-related factors may affect the persistence, dissemination, and AMR profiles of some food- and waterborne bacterial pathogens, using mainland Portugal as a climate-vulnerable Mediterranean case study. The analyses focused on Salmonella spp., pathogenic Escherichia coli, Vibrio spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella spp. and Yersinia enterocolitica, integrating findings from environmental, food-chain, and clinical research within a One Health framework. Evidence associates increasing temperatures with enhanced bacterial growth and shifts in seasonal dynamics. Extreme rainfall and flooding events promote faecal contamination through runoff and sediment resuspension, compromising water quality. Drought conditions may concentrate microbial loads and promote the use of alternative water sources, introducing additional exposure pathways. Aquatic and terrestrial systems emerge as critical interfaces for pathogen transmission and AMR dissemination. In mainland Portugal, data from clinical, food, animal, wildlife, and environmental studies are available. However, studies linking climate variables with environmental metadata, AMR and genomic data remain limited. Climate-informed One Health surveillance, through longitudinal sampling, harmonised metadata, whole-genome sequencing and predictive modelling, is essential to anticipate and mitigate climate-driven microbial and AMR risk.},
}

@article {pmid42924385,
year = {2026},
author = {Helito, P and Al-Baker, AA and Khalil, Z and Osman, T and Lorenti, E},
title = {Could Climate Change Be Silently Damaging Medicines We Keep at Home?.},
journal = {Cureus},
volume = {18},
number = {9},
pages = {e116755},
pmid = {42924385},
issn = {2168-8184},
abstract = {Climate change is increasing the likelihood of medicines being exposed to temperatures outside recommended storage conditions after dispensing. Unlike controlled pharmaceutical storage and stability testing environments, everyday settings such as homes, vehicles, bags, delivery packages, domestic refrigerators, and periods of power interruption may subject medicines to fluctuating or extreme temperatures. The clinical significance of these exposures, however, remains uncertain and is likely to vary considerably between products. This scoping review maps the available evidence on post-dispensing temperature exposure and medication stability, with particular attention to real-world storage conditions, physicochemical integrity, biological activity, potential clinical consequences, and practical strategies for reducing temperature-related risk. Evidence was considered across a range of temperature-sensitive and commonly used medicines, including insulin, refrigerated biologics, epinephrine, inhaled medicines, nitroglycerin, and oral formulations, together with studies evaluating household refrigeration, vehicle exposure, and low-resource cooling approaches. The available literature indicates that medicines may frequently encounter conditions outside labelled storage recommendations after leaving formal supply chains. Nevertheless, exposure beyond a labelled temperature range should not be interpreted automatically as loss of pharmaceutical quality or clinical effectiveness. Thermal stability varies substantially according to formulation, temperature intensity, duration of exposure, cumulative thermal history, packaging, and storage conditions. Current evidence is strongest for selected temperature-sensitive medicines but remains fragmented across many other drug classes. Overall, the literature supports a plausible climate-sensitive pathway linking increasing environmental heat with post-dispensing medication-quality risk, but evidence is currently insufficient to quantify the associated clinical burden at population level. Important priorities include characterising cumulative real-world thermal exposure, establishing clinically meaningful degradation thresholds, linking temperature histories with patient outcomes, and evaluating feasible adaptation measures. Climate-resilient medication management will require clearer storage guidance, improved patient education, practical cooling solutions, more reliable refrigeration, temperature-monitoring technologies, and stronger surveillance of medicines after dispensing.},
}

@article {pmid42925042,
year = {2026},
author = {Borghi, F and Ciaccio, L and Decataldo, F and Violante, F and Negri, E},
title = {Climate Change and Workers' Health and Safety: An Umbrella Review.},
journal = {La Medicina del lavoro},
volume = {117},
number = {5},
pages = {18722},
doi = {10.23749/mdl.2026.18722},
pmid = {42925042},
issn = {0025-7818},
mesh = {Humans ; *Climate Change ; *Occupational Health ; Working Conditions ; },
abstract = {BACKGROUND: This umbrella review synthesizes current evidence on the health and safety impacts of climate change among workers. In particular, it aims to identify the main workers' categories at the highest risk, the main health and safety outcomes, methodological limitations, and future directions reported in the literature, as well as preventive strategies described in recent reviews.

METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Systematic and scoping reviews addressing climate-related occupational health and safety outcomes were included. Study selection and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the ROBIS tool, and findings were synthesized in accordance with PRISMA and PRIOR guidelines.

RESULTS: Most of the available evidence concerns outdoor occupations, particularly agriculture and construction, where exposure to high temperatures is associated with increased risks of injuries and heat strain. Emerging data also highlight links with mental health, renal disease, and chronic conditions. However, the literature remains fragmented, with few meta-analyses and substantial heterogeneity. Preventive strategies have been proposed, but their implementation remains inconsistent.

CONCLUSIONS: Evidence confirms that climate change has become a determinant of occupational health and safety. Future research should strengthen methodological coherence, adopt longitudinal approaches, and address vulnerable populations.},
}

Humans
*Climate Change
*Occupational Health
Working Conditions

@article {pmid42927134,
year = {2026},
author = {Kuhn, A and Dugar, S and Shah, M and Philipsborn, R},
title = {Climate Change and Pediatric Gastrointestinal Health: A Narrative Review.},
journal = {Gastro hep advances},
volume = {5},
number = {11},
pages = {101116},
pmid = {42927134},
issn = {2772-5723},
abstract = {In 2025, the United Nations acknowledged that the world has failed to reduce carbon emissions sufficiently to avoid 1.5C warming-the level set by the Paris Accords to avoid devastating consequences. Communities already feel the implications of climate change, and it is creating new challenges for patients and health-care teams. While global efforts to reduce emissions and prevent the worst consequences of climate change persist, efforts to understand and adapt to the current and near-term consequences of climate change are also vital. Climate change is contributing to more frequent and severe weather events and compounding other ecological changes, with immediate and downstream implications for health. Pediatric patients are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, given their physiology, behaviors, ongoing development, and dependence on caregivers. This narrative review focuses on the implications of climate change for pediatric gastrointestinal (GI) health, elucidating key pathways by which climate change intersects with GI health that emerge from the literature. These pathways include heat-related illness and prenatal exposure to extreme heat, health implications of climate-driven migration and displacement, changing patterns of infectious GI diseases, the effects of pollution on noncommunicable GI diseases, the impacts of climate change on mental health and the gut-brain axis, and exacerbation of food insecurity and malnutrition. By understanding risks to their patients from these pathways, pediatric GI professionals may be better poised to assess for climate-driven exposures and to address patient care needs related to climate change. Pediatric GI professionals also have an opportunity as a community to engage in the needed health-care sector transformation to sustainable care delivery, bolster the resilience of health-care infrastructure, and advocate for policies to protect pediatric patients.},
}

@article {pmid42919517,
year = {2026},
author = {Breakey, S},
title = {Nursing's Role in Addressing the Health Impacts of Climate Change.},
journal = {The Nursing clinics of North America},
volume = {61},
number = {4},
pages = {xvii-xviii},
doi = {10.1016/j.cnur.2026.09.001},
pmid = {42919517},
issn = {1558-1357},
}

@article {pmid42919512,
year = {2026},
author = {Kameg, B},
title = {Climate Change and the Impact on Patients with Behavioral Health Conditions: A Narrative Review.},
journal = {The Nursing clinics of North America},
volume = {61},
number = {4},
pages = {633-647},
doi = {10.1016/j.cnur.2026.06.009},
pmid = {42919512},
issn = {1558-1357},
mesh = {Humans ; *Climate Change ; *Mental Disorders/nursing/psychology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; Substance-Related Disorders ; },
abstract = {Climate change poses a significant and escalating threat to behavioral health, particularly among individuals with pre-existing mental health and substance use disorders. This article synthesizes evidence on the mental health impacts of climate-related natural disasters-including geological, hydrological, meteorologic, and environmental events-consistently linking these exposures to depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), substance use, and suicidal ideation. Emerging research also demonstrates that extreme temperatures, air pollution, and environmental disruption worsen outcomes for those with severe mental illness and neurodevelopmental conditions. Nurses play a critical role in responding through trauma-informed care, education, disaster preparedness, and advocacy for equity-focused, climate-aware practice.},
}

Humans
*Climate Change
*Mental Disorders/nursing/psychology
Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
Substance-Related Disorders

@article {pmid42919516,
year = {2026},
author = {Smallheer, B},
title = {Climate Change as a Clinical Imperative: Nursing's Role in Protecting Health Across the Life Span.},
journal = {The Nursing clinics of North America},
volume = {61},
number = {4},
pages = {xiii-xv},
doi = {10.1016/j.cnur.2026.09.002},
pmid = {42919516},
issn = {1558-1357},
}

@article {pmid42907133,
year = {2026},
author = {Robinson, EJZ},
title = {Conflict and climate change are driving food shortages.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {395},
number = {},
pages = {e101113},
doi = {10.1136/bmj-2026-101113},
pmid = {42907133},
issn = {1756-1833},
}

@article {pmid42907483,
year = {2026},
author = {Balboul, M and Berenji, M and Jahan Pathan, A and Islam, MM and Benis, A and Chaudry, B and Lokmic-Tomkins, Z and Sarabu, C and Dua, P and Raihan Shafi, MS and Balboul, S and Schleyer, T},
title = {Health systems and climate change mitigation through an applied health informatics and sustainability perspective.},
journal = {npj health systems},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {},
pmid = {42907483},
issn = {3005-1959},
support = {ULI TR002529/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States ; },
abstract = {Climate change poses a growing threat to U.S. healthcare systems, which are uniquely positioned to mitigate its impacts while addressing their own greenhouse gas emissions from energy use, supply chains, clinical operations, and waste. Clinical informaticists can advance mitigation by integrating environmental data into health system operations and decision-making. Tracking emissions across scopes enables data-informed strategies, while frameworks such as I-CLIMATE and One Digital Health can help coordinate disparate data streams and reduce healthcare's environmental impact. Integrated dashboards can support renewable energy adoption, energy efficiency, and operational decision-making, while telehealth can reduce transportation-related emissions. Artificial intelligence may also reduce resource use when applied judiciously through narrowly scoped, task-specific models, with frameworks such as SAHAI guiding sustainable implementation. Financial approaches such as New York University's Return on Sustainability Investment framework can quantify the financial value of decarbonization initiatives. Effective governance, including vertical alignment and horizontal integration, is essential to operationalizing these strategies. Emerging opportunities include climate-conscious hardware design and carbon accounting applications. Ultimately, informatics can provide the data, tools, and governance infrastructure needed to translate climate mitigation goals into measurable health system action and establish carbon neutrality as an organizational performance priority.},
}

@article {pmid42908148,
year = {2026},
author = {Bonilla-Anariba, S and Thiede, BC and Sexsmith, K},
title = {Understanding the Complex Linkages Between Climate Change and Gender-Based Violence Globally.},
journal = {Violence against women},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {10778012261498904},
doi = {10.1177/10778012261498904},
pmid = {42908148},
issn = {1552-8448},
abstract = {Many determinants of gender-based violence (GBV) are sensitive to climate change. In this theoretical article, we offer a conceptual framework for analyzing how climate change can shape the incidence of GBV through five mechanisms: human physiology and psychology, economic insecurity and job loss, scarcity of natural resources, changes in migration patterns, and disruption of infrastructure and essential services. We argue that significant empirical gaps in the literature stem from over-reliance on household surveys using narrow measures of domestic violence in a non-representative set of contexts, and provide methodological recommendations for achieving a more expansive understanding of climate effects on GBV.},
}

@article {pmid42909252,
year = {2026},
author = {Moula, Z and Natsi, M and Bahr, E and Munson, S and Garrett, I and Wright, T and Shaheed, A and Sajnani, N},
title = {Climate change communication, adaptation, and mitigation through the arts: a rapid scoping review.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1804107},
pmid = {42909252},
issn = {2296-2565},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; Humans ; *Art ; *Communication ; Public Health ; },
abstract = {INTRODUCTION: Climate crisis is inherently intersectional; it is a health crisis and a cultural crisis too. Creative and innovative approaches are essential to address the complex and unequal health and wellbeing impacts of human induced climate change. This rapid scoping review aimed to review, synthesise, and analyse empirical studies that implemented arts-based interventions to promote climate change communication, adaptation, and mitigation.

METHODS: We used the methodological framework for scoping reviews set out by Arksey and O'Malley and systematically searched five major electronic databases using the PRISMA reporting guidelines.

RESULTS: Sixteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. Programmes varied and included environmental art festivals, climate summits, ecological conferences, theater and open-air performances, exhibitions, musical events, fieldtrips, nature conservation and sustainability interventions. Most studies focused on climate change communication, using the arts to raise environmental awareness and translate public health messages more clearly and accessibly. Only four studies focused on climate change adaptation (e.g., arts for coping with climate emotions) and mitigation (e.g., arts for motivating cultural shifts towards low-carbon lifestyles and practices).

DISCUSSION: Arts-based programmes focusing on climate change adaptation and mitigation are disproportionately low compared to climate change communication, signalling missed opportunities to leverage the benefits of the arts. Arts-based programmes delivered to public and outdoor spaces attracted audiences who were not previously interested in the arts and/or climate change, demonstrating the capacity of the arts to reach diverse audiences. Analyses of aesthetic qualities in climate-related artwork suggested that awe-inspiring nature depictions that gently motivate reflexive thinking on environmental issues were viewed more positively compared to artwork that instils didacticism and propagandization. The most impactful arts-based programmes combined emotional and cognitive activation-equipping the public with both the emotional investment and the knowledge needed to take collective environmental action, such as engaging with policymakers. Our findings suggest that the arts can help the public move beyond viewing climate change as an abstract concept, towards envisioning the tangible possibility of a different future. We argue that stronger policy integration, sustained research investment, and enhanced cross-sector collaboration are essential to realising the full potential of the arts in advancing climate communication, adaptation and mitigation, and we propose strategies to advance these priorities.},
}

*Climate Change
Humans
*Art
*Communication
Public Health

@article {pmid42909287,
year = {2026},
author = {Kekkou, F and Paisi, N and Sharma, AA and Erguler, K and Christophides, GK and Lelieveld, J and Neira, M},
title = {Climate change and human health in the urban environment of the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East: A workshop report.},
journal = {AIMS public health},
volume = {13},
number = {3},
pages = {881-908},
pmid = {42909287},
issn = {2327-8994},
abstract = {The Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East (EMME) is a region comprised of 18 countries that are home to approximately 460 million people. This region spans across three continents and has been identified as a hotspot for climate change. As part of ongoing efforts to understand the potential impacts of climate change on public health in this part of the world, the scientific workshop "Climate and Health in the Urban Environment" was held on September 24-25, 2024, in the cities of Nicosia and Larnaca (Cyprus). The workshop brought together regional experts from diverse fields and aimed to assess emerging health risks, identify research gaps, and propose policy interventions with a focus on urban environments in the EMME region. Specific thematic sessions covered the topics of extreme temperatures, vector-borne diseases, and air quality. Here, we present a synthesis of the talks, discussions, and outcomes from the workshop, highlighting the latest findings on climate-related health risks in the EMME. Furthermore, we propose a series of recommendations for informing research and policy decisions in the region.},
}

@article {pmid42910628,
year = {2026},
author = {Dugle, G and Dakuu, GN and Nunbogu, AM and File, DJM and Onyango, EA and Rutherford, S},
title = {Interventions to address the effects of climate change on human health in sub-Saharan Africa: A scoping review.},
journal = {Health policy and planning},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/heapol/czag120},
pmid = {42910628},
issn = {1460-2237},
abstract = {Climate change poses disproportionate threats to human health in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), yet comprehensive evidence on implemented interventions remains under-researched. Understanding the scope and characteristics of existing climate-health interventions is essential for informing policy priorities and action in the region. We conducted a scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines. We systematically searched Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for peer-reviewed empirical studies on climate-health interventions in SSA, with no date restrictions. Two reviewers independently screened 3009 records. A total of 36 studies reporting 350 interventions were included. The majority of the studies (83.3%) focused exclusively on adaptation, while a smaller proportion (16.7%) combined both adaptation and mitigation strategies. Four overarching intervention categories were identified inductively from the included studies, each comprising distinct but conceptually related sub-categories: health systems strengthening and governance; disease surveillance, monitoring, and early warning; environmental health and infrastructure; and community resilience and social wellbeing. Vector-borne diseases, particularly malaria, constituted the primary health focus, while heat-related illnesses, occupational health, and mental health received limited attention. Studies mostly reported interventions in West Africa, East Africa, Southern Africa, and multi-regional settings, with Central Africa receiving limited attention. The evidence is predominantly rural-focused (n = 18; 50%), with urban-focused studies accounting for 10 studies (27.8%) and mixed urban-rural settings for the remaining 8 (22.2%). Notably, no dedicated study investigated interventions specifically targeting coastal areas. People-centred interventions predominated over nature-based solutions. Key evidence gaps included cross-sectional study designs limiting causal inference, insufficient cost-effectiveness evaluations, limited integration of indigenous knowledge, and inadequate attention to gender-specific and occupational vulnerabilities. Policy efforts must go beyond disease-specific responses toward integrated strategies addressing multiple climate-health pathways while prioritising underrepresented regions and mitigation opportunities to build comprehensive, equitable climate resilience across the region.},
}

@article {pmid42913067,
year = {2026},
author = {Dubas-Jakóbczyk, K and Mrożek-Gąsiorowska, M and Ndayishimiye, C and George, NS and Pereyra, AB and Waldmann, G and Quentin, W},
title = {Health systems' responses to climate change: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.},
journal = {Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)},
volume = {175},
number = {},
pages = {105805},
doi = {10.1016/j.healthpol.2026.105805},
pmid = {42913067},
issn = {1872-6054},
abstract = {BACKGROUND: Climate change places increasing pressure on health systems. They must both reduce their negative impact on the environment and strengthen resilience to climate-related risks.

OBJECTIVE: To synthesize and map the evidence from systematic reviews on the scope and effectiveness of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions in health systems.

METHODS: An umbrella review of systematic reviews examining health system responses to climate change was conducted. The review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodological guidelines and adhered to the PRISMA checklist. The included systematic reviews had to meet two overarching criteria: at least two databases were searched, and a predefined instrument was used to assess the quality or risk of bias of the included studies.

RESULTS: Forty-six systematic reviews published between 2020 and 2026 were included, covering 1,175 individual studies. Most reviews (41/46) focused exclusively on mitigation strategies, with evidence concentrated around major greenhouse gas emission hotspots: surgical procedures; radiology; pharmaceuticals; solid waste; and transportation of patients and staff. Across these areas, some mitigation strategies were associated with environmental and economic co-benefits, although the underlying evidence was heterogeneous and often of low to moderate quality. In contrast, only a small number of reviews addressed climate adaptation and health system resilience.

CONCLUSIONS: Existing evidence provides practical guidance on effective climate mitigation actions. The limited number of systematic reviews on climate adaptation highlights a gap in the evidence base. Translating mitigation evidence into clinical guidelines and policies and strengthening research on adaptation could support more systematic climate action in health systems.},
}

@article {pmid42914333,
year = {2026},
author = {Hu, J and Xing, N and Bao, G and Ma, W and Ban, Q and Mou, Y and Wang, J and Fu, Z},
title = {The Micro-battlefield under climate change: the domino effect of freeze-thaw cycles on Tributyl phosphate accumulation in grains via nutritional, metabolomic, and microbial profiling.},
journal = {Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)},
volume = {245},
number = {Pt 1},
pages = {120602},
doi = {10.1016/j.foodres.2026.120602},
pmid = {42914333},
issn = {1873-7145},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Freezing ; *Secale/microbiology/growth & development/metabolism ; *Edible Grain/chemistry/metabolism/microbiology ; Rhizosphere ; *Metabolomics ; *Flame Retardants/metabolism/analysis ; Nutritive Value ; Microbiota ; Soil Microbiology ; *Organophosphates/metabolism/analysis ; },
abstract = {Under the context of climate change, the risks posed by emerging combined pollution to food security, particularly the accumulation and toxicity of contaminants in the edible parts of crops, remain poorly understood. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of freeze-thaw cycles (FTC) and the flame retardant tributyl phosphate (TBP) on rye growth, physiology, rhizosphere microbiome, quality, and grain accumulation through short-term hydroponic and long-term soil cultivation experiments. The results showed that combined FTC and TBP stress exerted a significant synergistic toxic effect on rye, including inhibited plant growth and photosynthesis, aggravated oxidative damage, and disruption of the rhizosphere microbial community structure (e.g., significantly increased abundance of Acidovorax). Long-term combined stress delayed heading, reduced thousand-kernel weight, and led to TBP accumulation in grains (up to 0.25 mg/kg), corresponding to a grain bioaccumulation factor of 0.50. Metabolomic analysis revealed that differentially accumulated metabolites under combined stress were mainly enriched in pathways such as purine metabolism, leading to significant reprogramming of primary metabolites like amino acids and monosaccharides. Nutritional quality analysis showed that combined stress increased crude protein (7.7%) and fiber components but decreased nitrogen-free extract, altered mineral absorption patterns, and likely interfered with cell wall metabolism and nutrient accumulation via molecular interactions between TBP and target proteins such as pectin methylesterase. Transcriptomics further indicated that combined stress specifically regulated pathways including fatty acid biosynthesis and ascorbate metabolism. In summary, FTC exacerbates TBP accumulation and toxicity in rye grains by disturbing the rhizosphere microecology and interfering with key metabolic and nutritional pathways, ultimately affecting yield and quality. This study provides important insights for assessing the migration risk of pollutants along the food chain and highlights the direct implications for dietary exposure assessment of organophosphate esters in cereals, thereby supporting food safety evaluation under climate change.},
}

*Climate Change
*Freezing
*Secale/microbiology/growth & development/metabolism
*Edible Grain/chemistry/metabolism/microbiology
Rhizosphere
*Metabolomics
*Flame Retardants/metabolism/analysis
Nutritive Value
Microbiota
Soil Microbiology
*Organophosphates/metabolism/analysis

@article {pmid42914476,
year = {2026},
author = {Edo, GI and O, OE and Akpo, MO and Emumejaye, K and Iwanegbe, I and Oghroro, EEA and Owheruo, JO and Akpoghelie, PO and Yousif, E and Jikah, AN and Essaghah, AEA and Fuwape, IA and Said, MA and Umar, H and Ahmed, DS and Alamiery, AA},
title = {Multi-omics-driven predictive modelling of antimicrobial resistance emergence in African food value chains under climate change scenarios.},
journal = {Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)},
volume = {245},
number = {Pt 2},
pages = {120811},
doi = {10.1016/j.foodres.2026.120811},
pmid = {42914476},
issn = {1873-7145},
mesh = {*Multiomics ; *Climate Change ; *Food Microbiology/methods ; Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms ; Predictive Learning Models ; Food Safety ; Metabolomics ; Risk Assessment ; Proteomics ; Machine Learning ; Nigeria ; Genomics ; *Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; },
abstract = {Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a critical threat to food safety, particularly in African food systems where surveillance infrastructure is limited and climate change is accelerating microbial adaptation. Traditional microbiological risk assessment approaches fail to capture the biological complexity of AMR emergence across food value chains. This study developed an integrated multi-omics and machine learning framework to predict AMR emergence across Nigerian food value chains under projected climate scenarios. A cross-sectional study was conducted across Delta, Benin, and Port Harcourt, collecting 487 food and 192 environmental samples. Multi-omics profiling encompassing genomics, metagenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics was integrated with CMIP6 climate projections. Machine learning algorithms including XGBoost, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machines were trained and externally validated using explainable AI methods. Quantitative microbial risk assessment incorporated omics-derived parameters. XGBoost achieved superior performance (AUROC 0.942, sensitivity 0.91, specificity 0.89), representing a 16.3% improvement over single-omics approaches. Beta-lactamase and tetracycline resistance genes predominated, with carbapenemase genes detected in 8.6% of samples. Temperature was the strongest predictor of ARG abundance (β = 0.42). Climate projections indicated 47-82% increases in Vibrio prevalence under SSP5-8.5. This framework enables predictive, climate-resilient food safety surveillance, supporting evidence-based decision making and One Health governance in low- and middle-income countries.},
}

*Multiomics
*Climate Change
*Food Microbiology/methods
Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms
Predictive Learning Models
Food Safety
Metabolomics
Risk Assessment
Proteomics
Machine Learning
Nigeria
Genomics
*Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics

@article {pmid42919482,
year = {2026},
author = {Iacobucci, G},
title = {Heatwaves linked with 50 000 deaths in Europe's urban areas this summer, with climate change responsible for two thirds.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {395},
number = {},
pages = {e101199},
doi = {10.1136/bmj-2026-101199},
pmid = {42919482},
issn = {1756-1833},
}

@article {pmid42901180,
year = {2026},
author = {Romanello, M and Cai, W and Costello, A and Walawender, M and Tonne, C},
title = {The urgent role for health professionals in accelerating mitigation and adaptation to climate change.},
journal = {The Lancet. Public health},
volume = {11},
number = {11},
pages = {e841-e842},
doi = {10.1016/S2468-2667(26)00203-3},
pmid = {42901180},
issn = {2468-2667},
}

@article {pmid42901308,
year = {2026},
author = {Slingo, J},
title = {The fallacy of global warming potential.},
journal = {Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {502212},
doi = {10.1016/j.redare.2026.502212},
pmid = {42901308},
issn = {2341-1929},
}

@article {pmid42902078,
year = {2026},
author = {Maurya, HK and Gupta, R and Joshi, N and Suryavanshi, S and Kumar, V},
title = {Projected changes in high-temperature extremes across Indian urban agglomerations under different global warming levels: a bivariate approach.},
journal = {Environmental science and pollution research international},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
pmid = {42902078},
issn = {1614-7499},
abstract = {Climate extremes have risen in recent decades, and anthropogenic interventions are projected to continue driving climate change. This study assessed the annual maximum intensity of high-temperature extremes of 2, 5, and 10 consecutive days for 54 urban agglomerations under 1.5 °C, 2 °C, and 3 °C global warming levels (GWLs) using the Coupled Model Intercomparison Phase 6 (CMIP6) framework. We also assessed this relationship between duration and intensity of high-temperature extreme events by using bivariate copula functions. The average intensity of urban agglomerations increased by 3-8% across the different GWLs for 2-day duration. This trend continues for 5 and 10 days, highlighting the increasing risk of high-temperature extremes. The study found that urban high-temperature extremes rose significantly for 2, 5, and 10 days under various GWLs. Urban areas like Amritsar, Jalandhar, Delhi, Shimla, and Kanpur showed a higher increase in intensity of 20-26%, 22-28%, and 26-33% under 1.5 °C, 2 °C, and 3 °C GWLs, respectively. The return values (10, 20, 50, and 100 years) for a 2-day duration are projected to increase by 3.5-9% across most urban agglomerations under different GWLs. Amritsar, Jalandhar, Delhi, and Shimla experienced a significant increase in return values (10, 20, 50, and 100 years) for durations of 2, 5, and 10 days under different GWLs. By using temperature-intensity-duration-frequency (TIDF) curves, this study also highlights the interaction between duration and intensity for the selected eight urban agglomerations under various GWLs. This study highlights the urgent need for immediate climate change mitigation aligned with the national (Smart Cities Mission and AMRUT 2.0) and international (IPCC agreement and SGD11) goals that support urban planners, policymakers, and communities in managing the challenges posed by extreme temperatures.},
}

@article {pmid42903100,
year = {2026},
author = {Zheng, S and Yu, L and Li, S and Liu, X},
title = {Governance of dietary microplastic exposure risk in marine ranching in the context of climate change.},
journal = {Frontiers in public health},
volume = {14},
number = {},
pages = {1975500},
pmid = {42903100},
issn = {2296-2565},
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Microplastics/adverse effects ; Humans ; *Aquaculture/legislation & jurisprudence ; *Dietary Exposure ; Animals ; Risk Assessment ; },
abstract = {Aquaculture facilities in marine ranches continuously fragment and release microplastics, which accumulate in filter-feeding shellfish and enter residents' diets. Climate change intensifies this pathway. Warming and ultraviolet exposure accelerate the fragmentation of aquaculture plastics, while typhoons damage facilities and release microplastics in pulses and raise the health expenditure at stake for the government, enterprises, and households. This study constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model of the government, marine ranching enterprises, and consumers. Numerical simulation is used to examine how each actor's strategies shape the system's convergence path and speed and long-term residual exposure. The findings are as follows. Whether the government can sustain regulation depends solely on whether the process-based assessment payoff covers the cost of regulation, because the outcome-based performance payoff can be free-ridden and cancels out in the payoff differential. Once subsidies exceed this government-side ceiling, they crowd out regulation and cause exposure to rebound. Enterprises' tolerance for plastic-reduction costs follows a tiered threshold structure, and the simultaneous phase-down of regulation and subsidies readily triggers a governance relapse, so a mature market premium mechanism must be in place first. Consumer participation is subject to a self-undermining mechanism whereby governance success erodes the incentive to participate. Sustaining it requires lowering information and oversight costs rather than heightening risk perception. Information disclosure relaxes the consumer participation constraint in all configurations without fiscal expenditure, making it the most cost-effective instrument. When none of the equilibrium conditions holds, the system oscillates periodically, and population-average exposure underestimates both the cumulative health cost and the risk borne by highly exposed subgroups. The results lock in the government's presence through process-based assessment, cultivate market premiums before phasing down regulation, and integrate microplastic source control into climate adaptation planning for marine ranching.},
}

*Climate Change
*Microplastics/adverse effects
Humans
*Aquaculture/legislation & jurisprudence
*Dietary Exposure
Animals
Risk Assessment

@article {pmid42903247,
year = {2026},
author = {Moffitt, V and Kennedy, KP and Malefakis, A and Pinto-Martin, J},
title = {Investigating perspectives and emotions on climate change among children and adolescents in San Cristóbal, Galápagos.},
journal = {Frontiers in psychology},
volume = {17},
number = {},
pages = {1935891},
pmid = {42903247},
issn = {1664-1078},
abstract = {An estimated one billion children live at extremely high risk of adverse effects from climate change. Even when children are not exposed to direct physical impacts, the existential threat of climate change can have a psychological impact by creating a stressor that exacerbates underlying mental health disorders or contributes to the development of new disorders. Children and adolescents worldwide are experiencing high rates of fear and worry related to climate change, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite this disparate impact, most studies on this topic have been conducted in the Global North. The Galápagos Islands are part of a medium-income nation and will face stark impacts of climate change in the coming decades. Currently, it is unknown how the threat of climate change is affecting the mental health of the children living in the islands. To address this gap, we conducted semi-structured, qualitative interviews with children and adolescents on the island of San Cristóbal to determine their thoughts, perspectives, and understanding of climate change (N = 30). These interviews also required participants to draw what they expect the island to look like in 100 years. We identified major themes from the interview transcripts and drawings, including the children's personal identification with nature, feelings of anger and frustration, and feelings of sadness and loss regarding climate change. The findings from this study will inform interventions to promote emotional resilience among the children in San Cristóbal, as well as educational initiatives to address knowledge gaps.},
}

@article {pmid42903267,
year = {2026},
author = {Palacios-Abrantes, J and Badhe, R and Bamford, A and Cheung, WWL and Foden, W and Frazão Santos, C and Grey, KA and Kühn, N and Maciejewski, K and McGhie, H and Midgley, GF and Smit, IPJ and Pereira, LM},
title = {Managing biodiversity in the Anthropocene: discussing the Nature Futures Framework as a tool for adaptive decision-making for nature under climate change.},
journal = {Sustainability science},
volume = {21},
number = {5},
pages = {2141-2157},
pmid = {42903267},
issn = {1862-4057},
abstract = {Conservation approaches to social-ecological systems have largely been informed by a framing of preserving nature for its instrumental societal benefits, often ignoring the complex relationship of humans and nature and how climate change might impact these. The Nature Futures Framework (NFF) was developed by the Task Force on scenarios and models of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services as a heuristic approach that appreciates the diverse positive values of nature and its contribution to people. In this overview, we convene a group of experts to discuss the NFF as a tool to inform management in social-ecological systems facing climate change. We focus on three illustrative case studies from the global south across a range of climate change impacts at different ecological levels. We find that the NFF can facilitate the identification of trade-offs between alternative climate adaptation pathways based on different perspectives on the values of nature they emphasize. However, we also identify challenges in adopting the NFF, including how outputs can be translated into modeling frameworks. We conclude that using the NFF to unpack diverse management options under climate change is useful, but that there are still gaps where more work needs to be done to make it fully operational. A key conclusion is that a range of multiple perspectives of people's values on nature could result in adaptive decision-making and policy that is resilient in responding to climate change impacts in social-ecological systems.},
}

@article {pmid42903853,
year = {2026},
author = {Vahedi, L and Pradhan, S and Zaidi, S and Brizuela, V and Rashid, SF and El Adawy, M and Hajjeh, R and Gaffey, M and Bhutta, ZA},
title = {Climate change and sexual and reproductive health: A mixed methods scoping review of possible mechanisms.},
journal = {iScience},
volume = {29},
number = {11},
pages = {117794},
pmid = {42903853},
issn = {2589-0042},
abstract = {This scoping review synthesized empirical evidence on the relationships and possible pathways through which climate change could impact sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Eligible sources had to investigate climate change and SRHR using any study design. Two independent reviewers conducted screening; data extraction captured exposures, outcomes, associations/relationships, and possible mediators and contextual moderators. From 40,503 database-identified sources, we included 256 peer-reviewed publications across 108 LMICs. We identified 14 potential pathways and developed a typology of mediators and contextual moderators to inform the mechanisms. Five mediator domains were identified: (1) systems and infrastructure, (2) demographic shifts, (3) socioeconomic resources, and (4) behavioral and (5) biological. Six contextual moderator types were isolated: (1) patriarchal norms, (2) cultural power structures, (3) socioeconomic realities, (4) gender-inequitable climate governance, (5) place-based factors, and (6) pre-existing systems/infrastructure. As climate shocks intensify, advancing a mechanistic understanding will be critical to designing responsive, inclusive, and sustainable systems of protection.},
}

@article {pmid42904480,
year = {2026},
author = {Greiser, C and Gril, E and Maclean, IMD and Beugnon, R and le Roux, P and Kemppinen, J and Rhodes, MW and Aalto, J and Christiansen, DM and De Frenne, P and Haesen, S and Klinges, D and Kopecký, M and Lenoir, J and Luoto, M and Mercado, LM and Rantanen, M and Strandberg, G and van den Brink, L and Lembrechts, J and Van Meerbeek, K},
title = {Climate Change Experienced by Life on Earth-Drivers and Mechanisms of Future Trends in Microclimates.},
journal = {Global change biology},
volume = {32},
number = {10},
pages = {e71140},
pmid = {42904480},
issn = {1365-2486},
support = {NNF22OC0078703//Novo Nordisk Fonden/ ; 202548816//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; Ei862/29-1//Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft/ ; ANR-21-CE32-0012-03//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; ANR-24-PEFO-0003//Agence Nationale de la Recherche/ ; W004024//Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek/ ; NE/V000772/1//Natural Environment Research Council/ ; NE/W004895/1//Natural Environment Research Council/ ; NE/W006618/1//Natural Environment Research Council/ ; NE/X001172/1//Natural Environment Research Council/ ; 342890//Research Council of Finland/ ; 353218//Research Council of Finland/ ; 370245//Research Council of Finland/ ; GACR 23-06614S//Grantová Agentura České Republiky/ ; //European Fund for Regional Economic Development (CPER ECRIN)/ ; //Region Bourgogne Franche-Comté (ATRACT), France 2030 (A2ForBois)/ ; //Région Hauts-de-France (CPER ECRIN)/ ; 101124948//HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council/ ; RVO 67985939//Akademie Věd České Republiky/ ; 2021-01993//Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas/ ; //Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (CPER ECRIN)/ ; },
mesh = {*Climate Change ; *Microclimate ; *Ecosystem ; Earth, Planet ; },
abstract = {Microclimate, the climate directly experienced by organisms, is crucial for understanding ecological responses to climate change, yet its long-term dynamics and the drivers of decadal microclimate changes remain underexplored in ecology and global change biology. Microclimate changes do not necessarily track macroclimate trends. Changes in meteorological conditions (e.g., cloud cover, wind patterns) and vegetation dynamics (e.g., canopy opening, desertification in drylands, shrub encroachment in the tundra) associated with climate change can lead to locally divergent microclimate trends, thereby altering spatial variability. Understanding and quantifying how macroclimate change translates to fine-scale microclimate change experienced by organisms, populations and communities is therefore essential for predicting ecological responses to global environmental change. This review examines how macroclimate change drives microclimate changes as experienced by life on Earth-and how these micro-scale changes may, in turn, feed back into the regional and global climate system. Our primary focus is on near-surface air and soil temperature-due to their relevance to most terrestrial organisms and ecosystem processes. The review is structured around three pathways of microclimate changes: (I) direct effects of changes in meteorological conditions, (II) indirect effects via vegetation changes, and (III) feedbacks between microclimate and climate change. Using three mechanistic model simulations in real-world landscapes, we illustrate and quantify the key mechanisms that lead to divergent warming trends. We show that microclimate change emerges from interacting atmospheric, land-surface, and biophysical processes, which can differ substantially across space and time. Predicting future microclimates therefore requires accounting for these processes and their temporal dynamics. By providing an accessible synthesis of these processes, this review aims to strengthen links between ecology and atmospheric science and improve our understanding of how climate change translates into microclimatic conditions relevant to life on Earth.},
}

*Climate Change
*Microclimate
*Ecosystem
Earth, Planet

@article {pmid42904689,
year = {2026},
author = {Yang, F and Pu, X and Huo, J and Li, X and Nan, Z},
title = {Host filtering overrides simulated climate change: plant species identity shapes phyllosphere fungal communities and putative pathogen proportions in an alpine meadow.},
journal = {Microbiology spectrum},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {e0029426},
doi = {10.1128/spectrum.00294-26},
pmid = {42904689},
issn = {2165-0497},
abstract = {UNLABELLED: Phyllosphere fungal communities play critical ecological roles in plant fitness and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the influences of multifactorial climate change on foliar mycobiomes across distinct plant functional groups remain poorly understood. To elucidate this, we used an 11-year field manipulation experiment to assess the impacts of simulated warming (+2.0°C) and altered precipitation (-50%, ambient, and +50%) on foliar fungal α-diversity, β-diversity, and functional guilds across four co-occurring alpine host plants: a forb (Aster diplostephioides), a grass (Elymus nutans), a legume (Oxytropis kansuensis), and a sedge (Kobresia humilis), combining ITS1 metabarcoding with compositional bias-corrected modeling (Analysis of Compositions of Microbiomes with Bias Correction 2). We found that host plant species identity acted as the overriding ecological filter, explaining 34.1% of community variation ([Formula: see text]) and predominantly governing putative pathogen proportions ([Formula: see text]; forb > grass > sedge > legume). In contrast, climate manipulation impacts were strictly host-dependent: experimental warming significantly elevated fungal OTU richness solely in the legume O. kansuensis ([Formula: see text]), while restructuring community β-diversity exclusively in O. kansuensis ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and the sedge K. humilis ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]). In addition, while precipitation shifts minimally affected broad-scale diversity, both climate factors induced fine-scale taxonomic turnover in specific lineages (notably Aureobasidium, Cladosporium, Vishniacozyma, and Colletotrichum); crucially, overall guild-level putative pathogen proportions remained resilient against all climate treatments and their interactions ([Formula: see text]). Our findings suggest that host intrinsic filtering and functional buffering outweigh direct short-term climatic pressures, and emphasize that future alpine foliar disease vulnerability will be predominantly mediated by climate-driven shifts in host plant community dominance rather than direct climatic stimulation of potential pathogens.

IMPORTANCE: The phyllosphere represents a vital ecological interface where fungal communities dictate plant fitness and ecosystem functioning, yet their vulnerability to concurrent warming and altered precipitation remains poorly understood in fragile alpine biomes. Here, we demonstrate that host plant species identity serves as the overriding ecological filter structuring foliar fungal communities, overriding direct short-term climatic stressors and effectively buffering potential pathogen burdens. Climate warming and precipitation shifts induced only fine-scale, host-specific adjustments in individual fungal lineages rather than triggering broad functional pathogen outbreaks. These findings provide critical evidence that future alpine foliar disease dynamics under global change will be primarily mediated by climate-driven shifts in host plant community composition rather than direct climatic acceleration of pathogen proliferation. This work highlights the imperative of integrating species-specific plant-microbe interactions into ecological forecasting and conservation frameworks for vulnerable alpine ecosystems.},
}

@article {pmid42907097,
year = {2026},
author = {Crawford, NC},
title = {War and military mobilisation are drivers of climate change.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {395},
number = {},
pages = {e101055},
doi = {10.1136/bmj-2026-101055},
pmid = {42907097},
issn = {1756-1833},
}

@article {pmid42907129,
year = {2026},
author = {Painter, J},
title = {Joining the dots: why more and accurate media coverage of climate change matters.},
journal = {BMJ (Clinical research ed.)},
volume = {395},
number = {},
pages = {e101050},
doi = {10.1136/bmj-2026-101050},
pmid = {42907129},
issn = {1756-1833},
}

@article {pmid42900944,
year = {2026},
author = {Simon, EL and Watkins, K and Meldon, S},
title = {Climate Change and Heat-related Illness in Older Adults: Implications for Emergency Medicine.},
journal = {The western journal of emergency medicine},
volume = {27},
number = {5},
pages = {1126-1130},
pmid = {42900944},
issn = {1936-9018},
mesh = {Humans ; *Heat Stress Disorders/epidemiology/prevention & control ; *Climate Change ; Aged ; *Emergency Service, Hospital ; *Emergency Medicine ; *Hot Temperature/adverse effects ; },
abstract = {Climate change is increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme heat events, creating a growing public health threat for older adults. Age-related physiologic decline, comorbid chronic diseases, polypharmacy, and social vulnerability all contribute to reduced heat tolerance and higher rates of heat-related morbidity and mortality. Emergency departments (ED) are increasingly encountering older adults presenting with minor heat illness, heat stroke, and exacerbations of chronic illnesses triggered by heat exposure. This review synthesizes current evidence describing why older adults are disproportionately affected by extreme heat, highlights key social and environmental determinants of vulnerability, and outlines clinical and public health strategies that emergency clinicians and EDs can assist with to reduce risk. As global temperatures rise, proactive prevention, early recognition, and coordinated community interventions are essential to protect this high-risk population.},
}

Humans
*Heat Stress Disorders/epidemiology/prevention & control
*Climate Change
Aged
*Emergency Service, Hospital
*Emergency Medicine
*Hot Temperature/adverse effects

@article {pmid42892427,
year = {2026},
author = {Zheng, H and Wang, S and Meng, Y and Zhao, J and Guo, Q and Chen, M and Wang, C and Hu, Y and Zhan, S and Chen, Q and Zhang, R and Wu, J and Yang, Y},
title = {Projected burden of cold spell-attributable Parkinson's disease mortality among older adults in China under climate change and population ageing.},
journal = {Environmental research},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {125940},
doi = {10.1016/j.envres.2026.125940},
pmid = {42892427},
issn = {1096-0953},
abstract = {Population ageing may amplify cold-related health risks under climate change, particularly for older adults with Parkinson's disease (PD). We developed a climate-ageing projection framework to estimate the burden of cold spell-attributable PD mortality in China by integrating national mortality data, climate projections, and demographic forecasts. We analyzed 59,384 PD deaths among adults aged 60 years and older in China mainland during 2013-2020 using a time-stratified case-crossover design. Cold spells were associated with an increase in mortality, with effects concentrated within lags 0-4; the cumulative odds ratio was 1.109 (95% CI: 1.036, 1.187), with an attributable fraction (AF) of 9.83% (95% CI: 3.48%, 15.75%). AF point estimates were descriptively higher in southern than in northern China. Across the six administrative regions, AF point estimates ranged from -8.81% in Northwest China to 25.87% in Northeast China, with no statistical evidence of cross-region heterogeneity. Projections showed that cold spell-attributable PD mortality remained substantial across all scenarios in the 2030s, despite climate warming. Thereafter, trajectories diverged. Under SSP1-RCP2.6, projected nationwide attributable deaths were 744 (95% CI: -391, 1,659) in the 2030s, 988 (95% CI: -608, 2,277) in the 2050s, and 867 (95% CI: -589, 2,042) in the 2080s, with East and Southwest China contributing the largest shares and being the only regional estimates whose 95% CIs excluded zero. Under SSP2-RCP4.5, the nationwide burden rose modestly in the 2050s and then declined by the 2080s, whereas under SSP5-RCP8.5 it declined more steeply over time. These scenario-specific patterns occurred alongside substantial differences in projected cold spell occurrence, highlighting that future cold-related PD mortality cannot be inferred from mean warming alone. Under the modeled scenarios, climate warming did not necessarily translate into uniformly lower cold-related PD mortality in an ageing society. This persistence may warrant continued attention to cold-related risks in near-term climate-health adaptation for ageing populations.},
}

@article {pmid42892822,
year = {2026},
author = {Gong, H and Yang, X and Bidegain, G and Wang, Y and Jiang, Y and Han, T and Dong, J and Zhang, X},
title = {Assessing the Potential Distribution of Eriocheir sinensis Under Climate Change: Regional Contrasts and Spatial Mismatches in Terrestrial and Nearshore Suitability.},
journal = {Ecology and evolution},
volume = {16},
number = {10},
pages = {e74351},
pmid = {42892822},
issn = {2045-7758},
abstract = {The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), native to China and the Korean Peninsula, has established invasive populations with substantial ecological and economic impacts in Europe and North America. Anticipating changes in its potential distribution is important for invasion-risk screening and estuarine management. We developed a global species distribution model (G-SDM) and regional models for the native range, Europe, and North America, each comprising terrestrial and nearshore brackish-water components. Future suitability was projected under SSP126, SSP245, and SSP585. Terrestrial PCA-env analyses assessed changes in projected suitable environmental space, whereas MESS and MoD diagnosed environmental novelty and extrapolation uncertainty. Terrestrial suitability was mainly associated with annual mean temperature, annual precipitation, and distance to the coastline, whereas nearshore suitability was mainly associated with water depth, chlorophyll concentration, and sea-surface temperature, although the ranking of predictor importance differed among regions. Predicted-suitable environments in Europe and North America extended to lower annual and wettest-quarter temperatures than those in the native range. Under future scenarios, projected suitability was generally redistributed towards higher latitudes, particularly under SSP585. Terrestrial suitability showed more pronounced spatial redistribution than nearshore suitability in several regions, and the two components were not always geographically aligned. Terrestrial PCA-env analyses indicated greater retention of suitable environmental space in Europe but increasing unfilling in the native range and North America. MESS analysis further identified environmental novelty and extrapolation uncertainty in some future suitable areas. These findings provide a scientific basis for early prevention, targeted monitoring, field validation, and estuarine management.},
}

@article {pmid42895754,
year = {2026},
author = {Parameswaran, G and Ponnana, SR and Sirasapalli, SK and Presswalla, F and Surya, N and Zhang, T and Chen, Z and Dazard, JE and Requia, WJ and Nieuwenhuijsen, M and Münzel, T and Deo, SV and Rajagopalan, S},
title = {Temperature-Attributable Cardiovascular Mortality in Europe Under Future Climate Scenarios: Projected Impacts of Population Aging and Climate Change to 2080.},
journal = {European journal of preventive cardiology},
volume = {},
number = {},
pages = {},
doi = {10.1093/eurjpc/zwag533},
pmid = {42895754},
issn = {2047-4881},
abstract = {AIMS: Heat and cold stress are established cardiovascular risk factors. As climate patterns shift and Europe's population ages, quantifying their separate attributable fractions-and projecting future temperature-attributable cardiovascular disease (tCVD) burden-is essential for clinical and policy decision-making.

METHODS: Europe was divided into a 0.25° × 0.25° grid (12,411 land cells across 37 countries). Annual cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths (2016-2023) were downscaled from national estimates using population data. Temperature-mortality relative risk coefficients were drawn from a 27-country pooled study and applied via population attributable fractions with 1,000 Monte Carlo simulations. Daily mean temperature projections from five bias-corrected climate models were obtained under moderate (SSP2-4.5) and high (SSP5-8.5) emission scenarios. Population aging was incorporated using country-level age projections; climate-only analyses held age structure constant at 2020 levels.

RESULTS: At baseline, non-optimal temperature accounted for 168,586 [144,961-192,293] CVD deaths annually (31.4 [27.0-35.8] per 100,000), with a cold-to-heat ratio of 5:1. Under SSP5-8.5, total tCVD mortality is projected to nearly double to 62.4 [48.5-76.2] per 100,000 by late-century (441,772 [343,627-540,116] annual deaths), with heat-attributable rates projected to rise 472%. Population aging may amplify total projected mortality by over 80% by late century beyond climate change alone; without aging, cold-attributable rates may decline over the century rather than rise.

CONCLUSIONS: tCVD mortality across Europe is projected to double by late-century, driven by dramatic heat increases and substantially amplified by population aging. These findings support greater integration of temperature-related CVD risk into clinical practice and public health policy.},
}